ArticlePloS one2024
Molecular prevalence, phylogeny and hematological impact of Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium spp. in common quails from Punjab, Pakistan.
Article in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It carries an expression of concern. Cited by 7 papers.
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7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Migratory and opportunistic wild and domestic birds, asParasite epidemiology and control · 2026Article
- Molecular detection and phylogeny of Hepatozoon ophisauri and Toxoplasma gondii in wild lizards from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.Folia microbiologica · 2026Article
- Unveiling Hidden Threats: Molecular Detection and Genetic Diversity of Hepatozoon spp. and Toxoplasma Gondii in Wild Rodents of Saudi Arabia and Their Ectoparasites.Acta parasitologica · 2026Article
- Article
- Molecular prevalence and genetic diversity of Toxoplasma gondii in free ranging Asil hen (Gallus gallus domesticus).Tropical animal health and production · 2025Article
- Molecular detection and phylogenetic identification ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Toxoplasma gondii infection affects the complete blood count and disturbs the markers of oxidative stress from the vital organs of wild rodents.Scientific reports · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
This study investigates the molecular prevalence and phylogenetic characteristics of two prominent blood-borne pathogens, Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) and Plasmodium spp., in common quails (Coturnix coturnix) sampled from both wild (N = 236) and farmed (N = 197) populations across four districts (Layyah, Dera Ghazi Khan, Lahore, and Multan) in Punjab, Pakistan, during the hunting seasons from 2021 to 2023. Additionally, the impact of these pathogens on the complete blood count (CBC) of the hosts is examined. Out of 433 quails tested, 25 (5.8%) exhibited amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1) gene for T. gondii, while 15 (3.5%) showed amplification of the Cytochrome b gene for Plasmodium spp. A risk factor analysis indicated that the prevalence of both pathogens was not confined to specific sampling sites or bird sexes (P > 0.05). District-wise analysis highlighted that hens were more susceptible to both T. gondii and Plasmodium spp. infections than cocks. Wild quails exhibited a higher susceptibility to T. gondii compared to farmed birds. Significant CBC variations were recorded in infected birds as compared to uninfected ones. BLAST analysis of generated sequences has confirmed the identity of recovered PCR amplicons as T. gondii and Plasmodium relictum. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Pakistani isolates clustered with those reported from various countries globally. This study provides the first documentation of T. gondii and Plasmodium sp. infections in Pakistani quails, underscoring the need for detailed investigations across different regions to enhance our understanding of infection rates and the zoonotic potential of these parasites.
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