SynthesisPloS one2024
Inflammatory biomarkers and perinatal depression: A systematic review.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The evidence base of interventions to treat antenatal depression: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Archives of women's mental health · 2026Pooled it
- The impact of mental health disorders in pregnancy on obstetric and neonatal outcomes: A narrative review.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Review
- Prenatal inflammation and postpartum anxiety: Findings from a prospective pregnancy cohort in New York City.Journal of affective disorders · 2026Article
- Prenatal Origins of Stress Regulation: Maternal Psychological Distress and Inflammation During Pregnancy Prospectively Predict Infant Behavioral Reactivity and Regulation.Developmental psychobiology · 2026Article
- The role of serum oxytocin levels in the third trimester of pregnancy in the incidence of postpartum depressive symptoms.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Breastfeeding Practices, Insomnia Symptoms, Anxiety, and Depression Among Lebanese Mothers: A Cross-Sectional Study.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Identification, Prevention, and Treatment of Perinatal Depression in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Narrative Review.Biological psychiatry · 2026Review
- Prediction of depressive episodes based on clinical features, cognitive characteristics, inflammation-related proteins, and EEG data.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Joint and Independent Associations of Gestational Diabetes and Depression With Childhood Obesity.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Developmental origins of immune function: Maternal prenatal mood is associated with infant immune cell gene expression.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- Neuroinflammation and the Female Brain: Sex-Specific Mechanisms Underlying Mood Disorders and Stress Vulnerability.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Higher neutrophil count, higher lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, and lower platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio are independently associated with postpartum depression symptoms in twin pregnancies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Biomarkers in maternal mental health research in Indonesia: toward a pragmatic hybrid framework in low-resource settings.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Research advances on estrogen deficiency leading to depression.Translational neuroscience · 2026Review
- The role of perinatal perceived stress in the setting of adverse childhood experience and perinatal anxiety and depressive symptoms.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Associations between prenatal inflammation and dimensions of depressive symptoms across the perinatal period.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- Review
- Integrated multi-omics analysis reveals immunovascular mechanisms of the placenta-maternal brain axis and lifespan neurobehavior changes in a mouse model of preeclampsia.Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Personality, Perinatal Anxiety, and Substance Use as Converging Determinants of Post-Partum Depression in South-East Europe.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- TAK-653 Reverses Core Depressive Symptoms in Chronic Stress-Induced Monkey Model.Biomedicines · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundApproximately 10 to 20% of pregnant women worldwide experience perinatal depression (PND), a depressive episode with onset during pregnancy or after childbirth. We performed a systematic review to identify, summarize and discuss studies on inflammatory biomarkers described in relation to PND.
methodInclusion criteria defined the selection of observational studies written in English, French, Spanish or Portuguese, that evaluate analytical levels of inflammatory molecules (protein levels) in biological fluids in women, with a diagnosis of depression using ICD/DSM diagnostic criteria or depressive symptoms assessed by standardized psychometric instruments, during pregnancy and/or postpartum. Case reports, experimental studies, reviews, qualitative analysis, meta-analysis, gray literature or replicated data were excluded. Three electronic databases were used for search (Pubmed, Web of Science and PsychInfo) and quality assessment of selected studies were performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Data extraction included study design; number of subjects; obstetric information; tools and timepoints of depression and inflammatory markers assessment.
results56 studies (sample size for cross-sectional and case-control studies ranging from 10 to 469; sample size for longitudinal studies ranging from 26 to 467), where the major aim was to analyze the association between depression and inflammatory biomarkers during pregnancy and postpartum period were included in this systematic review. Overall, the findings of our systematic review lend support to the hypothesis that several inflammatory markers may be associated with peripartum depressive symptoms. The associations were somewhat different looking at pregnancy compared to the delivery time-point and postpartum, and mainly referred to increased levels of IL-6, IL-8, CRP and TNF-α among depressed. DISCUSSION: In summary, our systematic review findings provide evidence supporting the hypothesis that several inflammatory markers may correlate with peripartum depressive symptoms. However, our work also highlighted notable differences in the timing of biological sampling for inflammatory markers and in the methodologies used to assess depression during the perinatal period. Additionally, variations were observed in how inflammatory biomarkers and depression were approached, including their classification as exposure or outcome variables, and the timing of assessments. It is essential for future research to investigate the influence of biological fluids and the timing of assessments for both inflammatory biomarkers and depression to gain a deeper understanding of their association. This comprehensive exploration is pivotal for elucidating the intricate relationship between inflammation and perinatal depression.
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Registered trials
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