ArticleBMC complementary medicine and therapies2024
Integrating network pharmacology, bioinformatics, and experimental validation to unveil the molecular targets and mechanisms of galangin for treating hepatocellular carcinoma.
Article in BMC complementary medicine and therapies, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Recent Progress on Polyphenols of Malaysian Honey and Their Molecular Mechanism Pathways in Cancer-A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Review
- Integrated bioinformatics and molecular docking ıdentify CCNB1, CDK1, and CYP1A2 as therapeutic targets of phytochemicals in hepatocellular carcinoma.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Study on the Mechanism ofCurrent computer-aided drug design · 2026Article
- How Traditional Chinese Medicine Works: Biological Mechanisms and Clinical Evidence for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- In Silico Network Toxicology, Molecular Docking, and Multi-Level Bioinformatics Reveal Methyl Eugenol-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Mechanisms in Humans.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Galangin reduces MPTP-induced dopamine neuron injury via the autophagy dependent-PI3K/AKT pathway.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- Investigating the Anti-inflammatory Mechanism ofIranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPRArticle
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10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGalangin, a flavonoid compound, is derived from Alpinia officinarum Hance. Previous studies have shown that galangin can inhibit the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its mechanism is still unclear. This study aims to investigate the potential targets and molecular mechanisms of galangin on HCC through network pharmacology, bioinformatics, molecular docking, and experimental in vitro validation.
methodsIn this study, network pharmacology was used to investigate the targets and mechanisms of galangin in the treatment of HCC. AutoDockTools software was used to simulate and calculate the binding of galangin to its core targets. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were conducted in the DAVID database to explore the main biological functions and signaling pathways impacted by galangin intervention. In addition, bioinformatics was applied to examine the correlation between the differential expressions of the anti-HCC core targets of galangin and the survival of patients with HCC. Finally, the findings obtained from network pharmacology and bioinformatics were verified in cell experiments.
resultsA total of 67 overlapping target genes of galangin and HCC were identified. Through the analysis of the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, 10 hub genes with the highest degree of freedom were identified, including SRC, ESR1, MMP9, CDK4, CCNB1, MMP2, CDK2, CDK1, CHK1, and PLK1. These genes were found to be closely related to the degradation of the extracellular matrix, signal transduction, and the cell cycle. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that galangin exerts an anti-HCC role by affecting various signaling pathways, including the cell cycle, pathways in cancer, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The results of molecular docking indicated a significant interaction between galangin and CCNB1, CDK4, CDK1, and PLK1. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that CCNB1, CDK4, CDK1, and PLK1 were upregulated in the liver of patients with HCC at both the mRNA and protein levels. Flow cytometry analysis showed that galangin induced G0/G1 phase arrest and cell apoptosis in HepG2 and Huh7 cells. Additionally, galangin suppressed the expression of key proteins and mRNAs involved in the cell cycle pathway.
conclusionsThese results suggest that galangin inhibits the growth of HCC cells by arresting the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase.
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