ArticleNature communications2024
Loop-extruders alter bacterial chromosome topology to direct entropic forces for segregation.
Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Chromosome segregation in a minimal bacterial cell driven by SMC protein complexes.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2026Article
- Exploring the energy landscape of bacterial chromosome segregation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Genome-wide modeling of DNA replication in space and time confirms the emergence of replication specific patterns in vivo in eukaryotes.Genome biology · 2025Article
- Dynamics of microcompartment formation at the mitosis-to-G1 transition.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2025Article
- The role of active mRNA-ribosome dynamics and closing constriction in daughter chromosome separation inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Nonequilibrium polysome dynamics promote chromosome segregation and its coupling to cell growth ineLife · 2025Article
- Hypothesis that ancestral eukaryotes sexually proliferated without kinetochores or mitosis.Journal of cell science · 2025Article
- Archaeal SegAB forms a bipolar structure that promotes chromosome segregation in spherical cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Nonequilibrium polysome dynamics promote chromosome segregation and its coupling to cell growth inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Physical models of bacterial chromosomes.Molecular microbiology · 2025Review
- Molecular dissection of the chromosome partitioning protein RocS and regulation by phosphorylation.Journal of bacteriology · 2024Article
- Loop-extruders alter bacterial chromosome topology to direct entropic forces for segregation.Nature communications · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Entropic forces have been argued to drive bacterial chromosome segregation during replication. In many bacterial species, however, specifically evolved mechanisms, such as loop-extruding SMC complexes and the ParABS origin segregation system, contribute to or are even required for chromosome segregation, suggesting that entropic forces alone may be insufficient. The interplay between and the relative contributions of these segregation mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we develop a biophysical model showing that purely entropic forces actually inhibit bacterial chromosome segregation until late replication stages. By contrast, our model reveals that loop-extruders loaded at the origins of replication, as observed in many bacterial species, alter the effective topology of the chromosome, thereby redirecting and enhancing entropic forces to enable accurate chromosome segregation during replication. We confirm our model predictions with polymer simulations: purely entropic forces do not allow for concurrent replication and segregation, whereas entropic forces steered by specifically loaded loop-extruders lead to robust, global chromosome segregation during replication. Finally, we show how loop-extruders can complement locally acting origin separation mechanisms, such as the ParABS system. Together, our results illustrate how changes in the geometry and topology of the polymer, induced by DNA-replication and loop-extrusion, impact the organization and segregation of bacterial chromosomes.
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