ArticleScientific reports2024
Topical insulin for refractory persistent corneal epithelial defects.
Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Topical insulin as a novel treatment for persistent epithelial defects and other ocular surface disorders: a systematic review.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Pooled it
- Topical Insulin for Corneal Persistent Epithelial Defects: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Article
- In Vitro Characterization of Insulin-Loaded Soft Contact Lenses and Their Effect on Corneal Epithelial Cell Viability and Permeability.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) promotes regeneration of corneal epithelial cells possibly via the NR4A1 signaling pathway.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The Therapeutic Approach and Mechanism of Action of Insulin Eye Drops for the Treatment of Neurotrophic Keratitis.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- Challenge of Corneal Ulcer Healing: A Novel Conceptual Framework, the "Triad" of Corneal Ulcer Healing/Corneal Neovascularization/Intraocular Pressure, and Avascular Tendon Healing, for Evaluation of Corneal Ulcer Therapy, Therapy of Neovascularization, Glaucoma Therapy, and Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Efficacy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Can Insulin Drops Accelerate Corneal Healing After Corneal Cross-Linking? A Preliminary Case Series.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Efficacy of Insulin Eye Drops in the Treatment of Corneal Ulcers in Patients with Facial Nerve Palsy and Lagophthalmos: A Retrospective Case-Control Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Emerging Treatments for Persistent Corneal Epithelial Defects.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Efficacy and Safety of Topical Insulin Eye Drops for Corneal Epithelial Defects: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation Assessment.Beyoglu eye journal · 2025Review
- Comparison of Amniotic Membrane Extract and Insulin Eye Drops for the Management of Persistent Epithelial Defects: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim was clinical evaluation of the efficacy of topical insulin eye drops in patients with refractory persistent epithelial defects (PEDs). This prospective non-randomized investigation was conducted to examine the efficacy of insulin eye drops in treating patients with PEDs that did not respond to conventional therapy. A total of twenty-three patients were included in the study, and they were administered insulin eye drops formulated as 1 U/mL, four times a day. The rate of epithelial defect resolution and time to complete corneal re-epithelialization were considered primary outcome measures. The relative prognostic impact of initial wound size and other parameters, including age, sex, smoking, diabetes, and hypertension were also analyzed. The results showed that during follow-up (maximum 50 days), a total of 16 patients (69.6%) achieved improvement. Insulin eye drops significantly reduced the corneal wounding area in 75% of patients with small epithelial defects (5.5 mm
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.