Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38814392›Full record

ArticleMethods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)2024

Trans-Amplifying RNA Vaccines Against Infectious Diseases: A Comparison with Non-Replicating and Self-Amplifying RNA.

Louisa Zimmermann, Stephanie Erbar

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Louisa ZimmermannBioNTech SE, Mainz, Germany.
Stephanie ErbarBioNTech SE, Mainz, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The recent COVID-19 pandemic as well as other past and recent outbreaks of newly or re-emerging viruses show the urgent need to develop potent new vaccine approaches, that enable a quick response to prevent global spread of infectious diseases. The breakthrough of first messenger RNA (mRNA)-based vaccines 2019 approved only months after identification of the causative virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), opens a big new field for vaccine engineering. Currently, two major types of mRNA are being pursued as vaccines for the prevention of infectious diseases. One is non-replicating mRNA, including nucleoside-modified mRNA, used in the current COVID-19 vaccines of Moderna and BioNTech (Sahin et al., Nat Rev Drug Discov 13(10):759-780, 2014; Baden et al., N Engl J Med 384(5):403-416, 2021; Polack et al., N Engl J Med 383(27):2603-2615, 2020), the other is self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) derived from RNA viruses. Recently, trans-amplifying RNA, a split vector system, has been described as a third class of mRNA (Spuul et al., J Virol 85(10):4739-4751, 2011; Blakney et al., Front Mol Biosci 5:71, 2018; Beissert et al., Mol Ther 28(1):119-128, 2020). In this chapter we review the different types of mRNA currently used for vaccine development with focus on trans-amplifying RNA.

Indexed as

COVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesmRNA VaccinesSARS-CoV-2AnimalsHumansRNA, MessengerRNA, ViralVaccine DevelopmentVaccines, SyntheticCOVID-19 VaccinesmRNA VaccinesRNA, MessengerRNA, ViralVaccines, SyntheticAnti-infective vaccinesNon-replicating RNASelf-amplifying RNATrans-amplifying RNA

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.