Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38813057›Full record

ArticleWorld journal of gastroenterology2024

Diagnostic and prognostic performances of GALAD score in staging and 1-year mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma: A prospective study.

Oraphan Jitpraphawan, Witchakorn Ruamtawee, Mala Treewatchareekorn, Supatsri Sethasine

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
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Article in World journal of gastroenterology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

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5citing papers in PubMed
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3 · Its place in the literature

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5 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Oraphan JitpraphawanDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Navamindradhiraj University, Dusit 10300, Bangkok, Thailand.
Witchakorn RuamtaweeClinical Research Center, Research Facilitation Division, Navamindradhiraj University, Dusit 10300, Bangkok, Thailand.
Mala TreewatchareekornDivision of Clinical Chemistry and Immunology, Navamindradhiraj University, Dusit 10300, Bangkok, Thailand.
Supatsri SethasineDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Navamindradhiraj University, Dusit 10300, Bangkok, Thailand. supatsri@nmu.ac.th.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe GALAD score has improved early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) detection rate. The role of the GALAD score in staging and predicting tumor characteristics or clinical outcome of HCC remains of particular interest.

aimTo determine the diagnostic/prognostic performances of the GALAD score at various phases of initial diagnosis, tumor features, and 1-year mortality of HCC and compare the performance of the GALAD score with those of other serum biomarkers.

methodsThis prospective, diagnostic/prognostic study was conducted among patients with newly diagnosed HCC at the liver center of Vajira Hospital. Eligible patients had HCC staging allocation using the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) categorization. Demographics, HCC etiology, and HCC features were recorded. Biomarkers and the GALAD score were obtained at baseline. The performance of the GALAD score and biomarkers were prospectively assessed.

resultsExactly 115 individuals were diagnosed with HCC. The GALAD score increased with disease severity. Between BCLC-0/A and BCLC-B/C/D, the GALAD score predicted HCC staging with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.868 (95%CI: 0.80-0.93). For identifying the curative HCC, the AUC of GALAD score was significantly higher than that of Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) (0.753) and Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive fraction of AFP-L3 (0.706), and as good as that of Protein induced by vitamin K absence-II (PIVKA-II) (0.897). For detecting aggressive features, the GALAD score gave an AUC of 0.839 (95%CI: 0.75-0.92) and significantly outperformed compared to that of AFP (0.761) and AFP-L3 (0.697), with a trend of superiority to that of PIVKA-II (0.772). The performance to predict 1-year mortality of GALAD score (AUC: 0.711, 95%CI: 0.60-0.82) was better than that of AFP (0.541) and as good as that of PIVKA-II (0.736). The optimal cutoff value of GALAD score was ≥ 6.83, with a specificity of 72.63% for exhibiting substantial reduction in the 1-year mortality.

conclusionThe GALAD model can diagnose HCC at the curative stage, including the characteristic of advanced disease, more than that by AFP and AFP-L3, but not PIVKA-II. The GALAD score can be used to predict the 1-year mortality of HCC.

Indexed as

alpha-FetoproteinsBiomarkers, TumorCarcinoma, HepatocellularLiver NeoplasmsNeoplasm StagingAdultAgedBiomarkersEarly Detection of CancerFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPredictive Value of TestsPrognosisProspective StudiesacarboxyprothrombinAFP protein, humanalpha-FetoproteinsBiomarkersBiomarkers, TumorProtein PrecursorsProthrombinAlpha-fetoproteinBarcelona clinic liver cancerGALAD scoreHepatocellular carcinomaLens culinaris agglutinin-reactive fraction of alpha-fetoproteinProtein induced by vitamin K absence-II

Identifiers

PMID38813057
PMCPMC11130574

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