ArticleMalaria journal2024
Combined use of long-lasting insecticidal nets and Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis larviciding, a promising integrated approach against malaria transmission in northern Côte d'Ivoire.
Article in Malaria journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effectiveness of natural predators, microbial bioinsecticides, and plant-based bioinsecticides to reduce mosquito-borne disease burden: a systematic review.Journal of medical entomology · 2026Pooled it
- Multifunctional Roles of Bacillus spp. in Sustainable Agriculture: Advances in Biocontrol, Omics, and Ecological Applications.Microbial ecology · 2026Review
- Anopheles larval ecology and physicochemical characterization of larval habitats in Dire Dawa: an area colonized by Anopheles stephensi in Eastern Ethiopia.Research square · 2026Article
- Review
- A large-scale mosquito larviciding in Tanga Region, Tanzania, reduced mosquito densities to varying degrees across malaria transmission risk strata.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Integrated vector management for malaria control: a review of approaches and effectiveness.Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · 2025Review
- Utilization of vector bionomics, remote sensing and larval habitat characterization data to inform larval source management decision in the high malaria burden state of Kebbi, Nigeria.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Heterogeneous impacts for malaria control from larviciding across villages and considerations for monitoring and evaluation.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Elevating larval source management as a key strategy for controlling malaria and other vector-borne diseases in Africa.Parasites & vectors · 2025Review
- Larval source management in Ethiopia: modelling to assess its effectiveness in curbing malaria surge in dire Dawa and Batu Towns.Malaria journal · 2024Article
- Mosquito control by abatement programmes in the United States: perspectives and lessons for countries in sub-Saharan Africa.Malaria journal · 2024Review
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Abstract
backgroundThe recent reduction in malaria burden in Côte d'Ivoire is largely attributable to the use of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs). However, this progress is threatened by insecticide resistance and behavioral changes in Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.) populations and residual malaria transmission, and complementary tools are required. Thus, this study aimed to assess the efficacy of the combined use of LLINs and Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti), in comparison with LLINs.
methodsThis study was conducted in the health district of Korhogo, northern Côte d'Ivoire, within two study arms (LLIN + Bti arm and LLIN-only arm) from March 2019 to February 2020. In the LLIN + Bti arm, Anopheles larval habitats were treated every fortnight with Bti in addition to the use of LLINs. Mosquito larvae and adults were sampled and identified morphologically to genus and species using standard methods. The members of the An. gambiae complex were determined using a polymerase chain reaction technique. Plasmodium infection in An. gambiae s.l. and malaria incidence in local people was also assessed.
resultsOverall, Anopheles spp. larval density was lower in the LLIN + Bti arm 0.61 [95% CI 0.41-0.81] larva/dip (l/dip) compared with the LLIN-only arm 3.97 [95% CI 3.56-4.38] l/dip (RR = 6.50; 95% CI 5.81-7.29; P < 0.001). The overall biting rate of An. gambiae s.l. was 0.59 [95% CI 0.43-0.75] biting/person/night in the LLIN + Bti arm against 2.97 [95% CI 2.02-3.93] biting/person/night in LLIN-only arm (P < 0.001). Anopheles gambiae s.l. was predominantly identified as An. gambiae sensu stricto (s.s.) (95.1%, n = 293), followed by Anopheles coluzzii (4.9%; n = 15). The human-blood index was 80.5% (n = 389) in study area. EIR was 1.36 infected bites/person/year (ib/p/y) in the LLIN + Bti arm against 47.71 ib/p/y in the LLIN-only arm. Malaria incidence dramatically declined from 291.8‰ (n = 765) to 111.4‰ (n = 292) in LLIN + Bti arm (P < 0.001).
conclusionsThe combined use of LLINs with Bti significantly reduced the incidence of malaria. The LLINs and Bti duo could be a promising integrated approach for effective vector control of An. gambiae for elimination of malaria.
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