Observational studyPloS one2024
Meningeal contrast enhancement in multiple sclerosis: Assessment of field strength, acquisition delay, and clinical relevance.
Observational study in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dura mater enhancement on 3T MRI is associated with cortical lesion burden in multiple sclerosis.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Barrier-Immune Gating Failure in Gut-Brain Neuroinflammation: A Working Hypothesis and Conceptual Framework.Behavioural neurology · 2026Review
- Biomarkers of Progression Independent of Relapse Activity-Can We Actually Measure It Yet?International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- High efficacy therapy to prevent the formation of meningeal tertiary lymphoid organs after CXCL13 index screening in early multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Pooled analysis of multiple sclerosis findings on multisite 7 Tesla MRI: Protocol and initial observations.Human brain mapping · 2024Article
- The use of 7T MRI in multiple sclerosis: review and consensus statement from the North American Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis Cooperative.Brain communications · 2024Review
- Leptomeningeal enhancement in multiple sclerosis demonstrates posterior predilection and TMultiple sclerosis journal - experimental, translational and clinicalArticle
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
background/purposeLeptomeningeal enhancement (LME) on post-contrast FLAIR is described as a potential biomarker of meningeal inflammation in multiple sclerosis (MS). Here we report an assessment of the impact of MRI field strength and acquisition timing on meningeal contrast enhancement (MCE).
methodsThis was a cross-sectional, observational study of 95 participants with MS and 17 healthy controls (HC) subjects. Each participant underwent an MRI of the brain on both a 7 Tesla (7T) and 3 Tesla (3T) MRI scanner. 7T protocols included a FLAIR image before, soon after (Gd+ Early 7T FLAIR), and 23 minutes after gadolinium (Gd+ Delayed 7T FLAIR). 3T protocol included FLAIR before and 21 minutes after gadolinium (Gd+ Delayed 3T FLAIR).
resultsLME was seen in 23.3% of participants with MS on Gd+ Delayed 3T FLAIR, 47.4% on Gd+ Early 7T FLAIR (p = 0.002) and 57.9% on Gd+ Delayed 7T FLAIR (p < 0.001 and p = 0.008, respectively). The count and volume of LME, leptomeningeal and paravascular enhancement (LMPE), and paravascular and dural enhancement (PDE) were all highest for Gd+ Delayed 7T FLAIR and lowest for Gd+ Delayed 3T FLAIR. Non-significant trends were seen for higher proportion, counts, and volumes for LME and PDE in MS compared to HCs. The rate of LMPE was different between MS and HCs on Gd+ Delayed 7T FLAIR (98.9% vs 82.4%, p = 0.003). MS participants with LME on Gd+ Delayed 7T FLAIR were older (47.6 (10.6) years) than those without (42.0 (9.7), p = 0.008).
conclusion7T MRI and a delay after contrast injection increased sensitivity for all forms of MCE. However, the lack of difference between groups for LME and its association with age calls into question its relevance as a biomarker of meningeal inflammation in MS.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.