Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38809476›Full record

ArticleJournal of autism and developmental disorders2026

Relations Between Social Camouflaging, Life Satisfaction, and Depression Among Polish Women with ADHD.

Fryderyka Wicherkiewicz, Małgorzata Gambin

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Article in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Self-directed speech and attention deficit hyperactive disorder-like behaviours.British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953) · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Camouflaging depression.Discover mental health · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Fryderyka WicherkiewiczFaculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, ul. Stawki 5/7, Warsaw, 00-183, Poland.
Małgorzata GambinFaculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, ul. Stawki 5/7, Warsaw, 00-183, Poland. mgambin@psych.uw.edu.pl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7880-1447

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study investigated the relationship between social camouflaging, life satisfaction, and depression symptoms in Polish women with ADHD. It aimed to fill a research gap in understanding ADHD manifestations in women, particularly focusing on social camouflaging-a concept known in autism, referring to strategies used to mask symptoms in social interactions.

methodsA total of 329 women with ADHD took part in an online survey. The survey measured ADHD symptoms using the ADHD Self Report Scale (ASRS-vI.I), life satisfaction with the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), and depressive symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Additionally, a novel set of questions, inspired by the Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire (CAT-Q) but tailored for ADHD, was utilized to assess social camouflaging.

resultsResults indicated a significant negative association between social camouflaging and life satisfaction and a positive correlation with depressive symptoms, even after controlling for demographic variables. Additionally, factors like being in a relationship and having a positive subjective financial situation correlated with higher well-being. LIMITATIONS: Reliance on self-report measures, the cross-sectional design, and participants' self-reported ADHD diagnosis are the main limitations of the study.

conclusionThe research underscores the importance of social camouflaging in understanding ADHD in women, suggesting that efforts to mask symptoms and meet societal expectations may link to lower life satisfaction and increased depressive symptoms. These findings advocate for continued research into these dynamics to develop more effective support for women with ADHD.

Indexed as

Attention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityDepressionPersonal SatisfactionSocial InteractionAdolescentAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMiddle AgedPolandSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultADHDDepressionLife satisfactionSocial camouflaging

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.