Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38802540›Full record

ArticleNature human behaviour2024

Deep history of cultural and linguistic evolution among Central African hunter-gatherers.

Cecilia Padilla-Iglesias, Javier Blanco-Portillo, Bogdan Pricop, Alexander G Ioannidis, Balthasar Bickel, Andrea Manica, Lucio Vinicius, Andrea Bamberg Migliano

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature human behaviour, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. An inverse correlation between structural linguistic and human genetic diversity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  3. Pan-African model explainsbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Multi-level societies: different tasks at different social levels.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Cecilia Padilla-IglesiasHuman Evolutionary Ecology Group, Institute of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. cecilia.padillaiglesias@uzh.ch.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1302-5955
Javier Blanco-PortilloDepartment for Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3168-2756
Bogdan PricopDepartment of Comparative Language Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-7028-2894
Alexander G IoannidisDepartment of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford Medical School, Stanford, CA, USA.
Balthasar BickelDepartment of Comparative Language Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9087-0565
Andrea ManicaDepartment of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1895-450X
Lucio ViniciusHuman Evolutionary Ecology Group, Institute of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Andrea Bamberg MiglianoHuman Evolutionary Ecology Group, Institute of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. andrea.migliano@uzh.ch.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4364-2735

Funding

la Caixa Foundation (Caixa Foundation) LCF/BQ/EU19/11710043
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Human evolutionary history in Central Africa reflects a deep history of population connectivity. However, Central African hunter-gatherers (CAHGs) currently speak languages acquired from their neighbouring farmers. Hence it remains unclear which aspects of CAHG cultural diversity results from long-term evolution preceding agriculture and which reflect borrowing from farmers. On the basis of musical instruments, foraging tools, specialized vocabulary and genome-wide data from ten CAHG populations, we reveal evidence of large-scale cultural interconnectivity among CAHGs before and after the Bantu expansion. We also show that the distribution of hunter-gatherer musical instruments correlates with the oldest genomic segments in our sample predating farming. Music-related words are widely shared between western and eastern groups and likely precede the borrowing of Bantu languages. In contrast, subsistence tools are less frequently exchanged and may result from adaptation to local ecologies. We conclude that CAHG material culture and specialized lexicon reflect a long evolutionary history in Central Africa.

Indexed as

Cultural EvolutionLanguageLinguisticsAfrica, CentralAgricultureBlack PeopleHumansMusic

Identifiers

PMID38802540
PMCPMC11272592

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.