ArticlePublic health challenges2023
Tick bite risk factors and prevention measures in an area with emerging Powassan virus disease.
Article in Public health challenges, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Powassan Virus in the United States: An AI-Integrative One Health Scoping Review of Ecological Drivers, Zoonotic Interactions, Symptom Profiles, and Public Health Implications.Infectious disease reports · 2026Review
- Behavioural and environmental factors associated with the risk of human tick bites in the Grippenet/Covidnet cohort in France.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Alpha-gal Syndrome Symptom Profiles and Diagnostic Experiences Among Farmer and Ranchers.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Epidemiology and risk analysis of Powassan virus infection, New York state, USA, 2013-2023.Epidemiology and infection · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Risk Factors ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- It takes a village: Community science informs tick encounter, pathogen, and exposure risk in North Carolina, USA.PloS one · 2026Article
- Trends in the incidence of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Japan: an observational study from 2013 to 2022.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
- Tick bite risk factors and prevention measures in an area with emerging Powassan virus disease.Public health challenges · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background: In the United States (U.S.), Powassan virus is primarily transmitted to humans by the black-legged tick Methods: A survey was administered in October 2019 to adult residents of randomly selected households. Questions focused on tick bite prevention and risk factors. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for various outcomes. Results: Of 274 participants, 25% were previously diagnosed with a tick-borne disease, and 42% reported finding an attached tick in 2019. Yardwork and gardening (OR = 7.38) and spending >50 hours outdoors per week (OR = 8.15) were associated with finding an attached tick. Finding an attached tick was inversely associated with the number of prevention measures used, indicating that a layered approach could reduce the risk of tick bites. Those who performed post-outdoor activity prevention measures (e.g., tick checks) were less likely to have a tick attached compared to finding a crawling tick. Conclusion: Compliance with prevention recommendations was low, despite a high prevalence of reported tick bites and significant outdoor exposures. Older adults and persons who spend significant time outdoors or engage in yardwork or gardening were at the highest risk of tick bites. Additional research is needed to further understand the barriers to tick bite prevention.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.