ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2024
Association between blood urea nitrogen levels and diabetic retinopathy in diabetic adults in the United States (NHANES 2005-2018).
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Machine learning-based prediction of diabetic retinopathy using clinlabomics: a multi-center study.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2026Article
- A Novel Nomogram for Diabetic Retinopathy Prediction in Young and Middle-Aged Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Article
- Blood Urea Nitrogen to Albumin Ratio is Associated with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Article
- Increased blood urea nitrogen levels and compromised peripheral nerve function in patients with type 2 diabetes.World journal of diabetes · 2025Article
- Association between renal function and diabetic retinopathy: a mediation analysis of geriatric nutritional risk index.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- A panoramic perspective: application prospects and outlook of multimodal artificial intelligence in the management of diabetic retinopathy.Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
- Relationship between blood urea nitrogen and 28-day all-cause mortality in patients with acute pulmonary edema: a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Sex-specific associations between blood urea nitrogen and risk of hyperuricemia in U.S. adults: the NHANES 1999-2020.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
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2 authors.
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Abstract
Objective: To investigate the association between blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in adults with diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: Seven cycles of cross-sectional population information acquired from NHANES(national health and nutrition examination surveys) 2005-2018 were collected, from which a sample of diabetic adults was screened and separated into two groups based on whether or not they had DR, followed by weighted multivariate regression analysis. This study collected a complete set of demographic, biological, and sociological risk factor indicators for DR. Demographic risk factors comprised age, gender, and ethnicity, while biological risk factors included blood count, blood pressure, BMI, waist circumference, and glycated hemoglobin. Sociological risk factors included education level, deprivation index, smoking status, and alcohol consumption. Results: The multiple regression model revealed a significant connection between BUN levels and DR [odds ratio =1.04, 95% confidence interval (1.03-1.05), Conclusion: BUN levels were related with an increased prevalence of DR, particularly in individuals with BUN >20 mg/dl. These findings highlight the significance of BUN level in assessing the risk of DR.
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