ArticleAnimal microbiome2024
Microbial dynamics and vertical transmission of Escherichia coli across consecutive life stages of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens).
Article in Animal microbiome, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Screening of strategies for enhancing and preserving antibacterial efficacy: optimizing inactivation and desiccation of black soldier fly larvae against avian enteric pathogens.Poultry science · 2026Article
- To treat or not to treat? Impact of hygienization on the microbiological safety of frass from black soldier fly larvae and yellow mealworm production aimed for fertilizer use.Bioresources and bioprocessing · 2026Article
- Selection andACS agricultural science & technology · 2026Article
- Stage-Specific Microbiota Transitions Throughout Black Soldier Fly Ontogeny.Microbial ecology · 2026Article
- Impact of nursery-to-fattening dietary transitions on gut microbiome composition and growth performance in black soldier fly larvae.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Metagenome-based identification of functional traits of the black soldier fly gut microbiome associated with larval performance.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Investigating the Microbial Dynamics ofFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Microbiological and molecular analysis of the microbiota of insects present in the surgical area.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens L.) is one of the most promising insects for bioconversion of organic waste, which often carry a high microbial load with potential foodborne pathogens. Although horizontal transmission (from rearing substrate to larvae) has been extensively studied, less is known about vertical transmission of microorganisms, and particularly of foodborne pathogens, across different BSF life stages.
resultsThis study investigated the microbial dynamics and vertical transmission of Escherichia coli across different life stages (larvae, prepupae, pupae and adults) of one BSF life cycle and its associated substrate (chicken feed) and frass, based on a combination of general microbial counts (based on culture-dependent techniques) and the bacterial community composition (based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing). Multiple interactions between the microbiota of the substrate, frass and BSF larvae were affirmed. The larvae showed relative consistency among both the microbial counts and bacterial community composition. Diversification of the bacterial communities started during the pupal stage, while most notable changes of the microbial counts and bacterial community compositions occurred during metamorphosis to adults. Furthermore, vertical transmission of E. coli was investigated after substrate inoculation with approximately 7.0 log cfu/g of kanamycin-resistant E. coli, and monitoring E. coli counts from larval to adult stage. Although the frass still contained substantial levels of E. coli (> 4.5 log cfu/g) and E. coli was taken up by the larvae, limited vertical transmission of E. coli was observed with a decreasing trend until the prepupal stage. E. coli counts were below the detection limit (1.0 log cfu/g) for all BSF samples from the end of the pupal stage and the adult stage. Additionally, substrate inoculation of E. coli did not have a substantial impact on the bacterial community composition of the substrate, frass or different BSF life stages.
conclusionsThe fluctuating microbial counts and bacterial community composition underscored the dynamic character of the microbiota of BSF life stages. Additionally, vertical transmission throughout one BSF life cycle was not observed for E. coli. Hence, these findings paved the way for future case studies on vertical transmission of foodborne pathogens across consecutive BSF life stages or other insect species.
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