ArticleJournal of epidemiology2024
The Out-of-pocket Expenses of People With Tinnitus in Europe.
Article in Journal of epidemiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Tinnitus in urban settings: insights into lifestyle and medical factors from the Hamburg City Health Study.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Article
- Tinnitus and tinnitus disorder: Genetic, neurobiological, and clinical differentiation.iScience · 2026Review
- Tinnitus.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- Pulsed Radiofrequency of the Stellate Ganglion for Tinnitus: A Two-Case Series Suggesting a Novel Approach.Case reports in anesthesiology · 2026Article
- [Tinnitus-current developments : Overview and summary of current state of knowledge in 2024].HNO · 2025Review
- Characteristics of preoperative electrically evoked middle latency responses and postoperative cochlear implant effects in patients with tinnitus.Head & face medicine · 2025Article
- Candidate Key Proteins of Tinnitus in the Auditory and Motor Systems of the Thalamus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Combination of Electroacupuncture and Medication for Patients With Tinnitus Associated With Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Protocol for a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- [Research status and future strategies for refractory inner ear disease].Lin chuang er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery · 2025Review
- Understanding tinnitus symptom dynamics and clinical improvement through intensive longitudinal data.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- The Current State of Tinnitus Diagnosis and Treatment: a Multidisciplinary Expert Perspective.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDespite the high frequency of tinnitus and its impact on wellbeing, little is known about its economic burden, and, to our knowledge, no data are available on out-of-pocket (OOP) expenses.
methodsIn 2022, a survey was conducted on OOP costs of tinnitus. We enrolled 679 participants with slight, moderate, and severe tinnitus in Italy, United Kingdom, Netherlands, Germany, and Spain. We estimated annual OOP expenses for tinnitus-related healthcare visits, treatments, medications, and alternative medicine practices. Prevalence of tinnitus in the general population, obtained from a representative survey we conducted in Europe in 2017-2018, was used to generalize costs for people with any tinnitus at the national level.
resultsOOP expenses were 368€ (95% confidence intervals [CI], 78€-690€), 728€ (95% CI, 316€-1,288€), and 1,492€ (95% CI, 760€-2,688€) for slight, moderate, and severe tinnitus, respectively, with annual expenditure of 565€ for people with any tinnitus: 209€ for healthcare visits; 93€ for treatments; 16€ for drugs; 64€ for hearing supporting systems; and 183€ for acupuncture, homeopathy, and osteopathy. Individuals with slight, moderate, and severe tinnitus expressed a willingness to invest 1.6, 4.3, and 7.0 times their monthly income, respectively, to achieve complete relief from tinnitus.
conclusionThis study offers for the first time insights into the OOP expenses incurred by individuals with tinnitus. OOP expenses exhibited substantial variations based on severity status, accounting for more than 17 billion € in the countries considered. In terms of financial burden, these findings align tinnitus to the recognized leading disabilities, including back pain and migraine.
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