Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38796519›Full record

ArticleNPJ digital medicine2024

A wearable sensor and machine learning estimate step length in older adults and patients with neurological disorders.

Assaf Zadka, Neta Rabin, Eran Gazit, Anat Mirelman, Alice Nieuwboer, Lynn Rochester, Silvia Del Din, Elisa Pelosin, Laura Avanzino, Bastiaan R Bloem and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in NPJ digital medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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  8. Digital Activity Markers in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2025
    Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Assaf ZadkaCenter for the Study of Movement, Cognition and Mobility, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Neta RabinCenter for the Study of Movement, Cognition and Mobility, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Eran GazitCenter for the Study of Movement, Cognition and Mobility, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Anat MirelmanCenter for the Study of Movement, Cognition and Mobility, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Alice NieuwboerDepartment of Rehabilitation Science, KU Leuven, Neuromotor Rehabilitation Research Group, Leuven, Belgium.
Lynn RochesterTranslational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
Silvia Del DinTranslational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1154-4751
Elisa PelosinDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Laura AvanzinoIRCCS Policlinico San Martino Teaching Hospital, Genoa, Italy.
Bastiaan R BloemRadboud university medical center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior; Department of Neurology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Ugo Della CroceDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
Andrea CereattiDepartment of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy.
Jeffrey M HausdorffCenter for the Study of Movement, Cognition and Mobility, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel. jhausdor@tlvmc.gov.il.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1608-0776

Funding

Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Step length is an important diagnostic and prognostic measure of health and disease. Wearable devices can estimate step length continuously (e.g., in clinic or real-world settings), however, the accuracy of current estimation methods is not yet optimal. We developed machine-learning models to estimate step length based on data derived from a single lower-back inertial measurement unit worn by 472 young and older adults with different neurological conditions, including Parkinson's disease and healthy controls. Studying more than 80,000 steps, the best model showed high accuracy for a single step (root mean square error, RMSE = 6.08 cm, ICC(2,1) = 0.89) and higher accuracy when averaged over ten consecutive steps (RMSE = 4.79 cm, ICC(2,1) = 0.93), successfully reaching the predefined goal of an RMSE below 5 cm (often considered the minimal-clinically-important-difference). Combining machine-learning with a single, wearable sensor generates accurate step length measures, even in patients with neurologic disease. Additional research may be needed to further reduce the errors in certain conditions.

Identifiers

PMID38796519
PMCPMC11127966

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.