ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2024
Gut-Brain Axis: Focus on Sex Differences in Neuroinflammation.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Global research trends in enteric nervous system and gut microbiota: a bibliometric analysis (2005-2025).Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Sex hormones, the gut microbiome, and neurodegenerative diseases: Lifespan perspective.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- The State-of-the Art of Personalized Vaccines for Non-Communicable Diseases: A Narrative Review.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Sex-specific gut mycobiome dysbiosis activates macrophage dectin-1 signaling to drive neurobehavioral deficits in EcoHIV-infected mice.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- Review
- Crosstalk Between Gut Microbiota, Epigenome, and Neurotransmitters in Health and Disease.Cells · 2026Review
- Sex Differences in Metabolite-Immune Circuits of Neuroinflammation.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Repurposing Imeglimin for Chemotherapy-Induced Cognitive Impairment: Targeting Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neuroinflammation.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISRUPTION INDUCED BY LONG-TERM LOW-DOSE HERBICIDE EXPOSURE: BEHAVIORAL AND NEUROPATHOLOGICAL EVIDENCE FROM A RAT MODEL.Farmacia (Bucharest, Romania) · 2026Article
- Neuroinflammation and the Female Brain: Sex-Specific Mechanisms Underlying Mood Disorders and Stress Vulnerability.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Oral microbiota-driven immune modulation along the oral-gut axis: from local signals to systemic inflammation.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Review
- Observational
- Diet-gut microbiota-immune-brain interactions in aging: mechanistic pathways and clinical implications.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Molecular mechanisms of gut microbiota dysbiosis and metabolites in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis: implications for precision therapeutics.Molecular brain · 2025Review
- Environmental Stressors and Neuroinflammation: Linking Climate Change to Alzheimer's Disease.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Estrogenic Effect of Probiotics on Anxiety and Depression: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The Gut Microbiota-Sex-Immunity Axis in Non-Communicable Diseases.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- [Mechanisms by which the gut microbiota regulates depressive disorder via the tryptophan metabolic pathway].Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2025Review
- Neuroinflammation: Mechanisms, Dual Roles, and Therapeutic Strategies in Neurological Disorders.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Exploring the Efficacy and Safety of Nutritional Supplements in Alzheimer's Disease.Nutrients · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the concept of the "gut-brain axis". In addition to well-studied diseases associated with an imbalance in gut microbiota, such as cancer, chronic inflammation, and cardiovascular diseases, research is now exploring the potential role of gut microbial dysbiosis in the onset and development of brain-related diseases. When the function of the intestinal barrier is altered by dysbiosis, the aberrant immune system response interacts with the nervous system, leading to a state of "neuroinflammation". The gut microbiota-brain axis is mediated by inflammatory and immunological mechanisms, neurotransmitters, and neuroendocrine pathways. This narrative review aims to illustrate the molecular basis of neuroinflammation and elaborate on the concept of the gut-brain axis by virtue of analyzing the various metabolites produced by the gut microbiome and how they might impact the nervous system. Additionally, the current review will highlight how sex influences these molecular mechanisms. In fact, sex hormones impact the brain-gut microbiota axis at different levels, such as the central nervous system, the enteric nervous one, and enteroendocrine cells. A deeper understanding of the gut-brain axis in human health and disease is crucial to guide diagnoses, treatments, and preventive interventions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.