ArticleBMJ open respiratory research2024
Clinical features and 1-year outcomes of variable obstruction in participants with preserved spirometry: results from the ECOPD study in China.
Article in BMJ open respiratory research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Incidence and Risk Factors for Progression from Pre-COPD to COPD: A Systematic Review and Meta‑analysis.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026Pooled it
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Authors and funding
24 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThere are limited data on the clinical features and longitudinal prognosis of variable obstruction, particularly among never smokers and different variable obstruction types. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics of the participants with variable obstruction and determine the relationship between variable obstruction and the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the decline of lung function in a community-dwelling study of Chinese, especially among never smokers and different variable obstruction subtypes.
methodsParticipants with preserved spirometry (postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV
resultsThe final analysis included 1140 participants with preserved spirometry (169 in the variable obstruction group) at baseline. Participants with variable obstruction were older, had lower lung function and had greater severe emphysema and computed tomography-defined air trapping than participants without variable obstruction. Participants with variable obstruction had a significantly increased risk of incident spirometry-defined COPD (relative risk: 3.22, 95% confidence interval 2.23 to 4.64, p <0.001) than those without variable obstruction after adjustment for covariates. These findings remained consistent among both former and current smokers, never smokers, and different variable obstruction types. Additionally, participants with variable obstruction had a faster decline in postbronchodilator FEV
conclusionsThe results of our study revealed that variable obstruction can identify individuals who are at risk for the development of COPD and accelerated postbronchodilator FEV
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