ReviewJournal of imaging2024
The Accuracy of Three-Dimensional Soft Tissue Simulation in Orthognathic Surgery-A Systematic Review.
Review in Journal of imaging, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Soft-tissue thickness changes following bimaxillary surgery in skeletal class II malocclusion.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Article
- State-of-the-art 3D analysis of soft tissue prediction for orthognathic correction of dentofacial deformities in the Egyptian population.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Assessment of changes in selected parameters of Arnett's soft tissue cephalometric analysis (STCA) in patients undergoing SARME/SARPE.Head & face medicine · 2026Observational
- Quality assurance in orthognathic surgery using Brons-Mulié's soft tissue analysis, Nakamura's asymmetry index and a simple Enface analysis.Frontiers in oral health · 2026Article
- Article
- Soft Tissue Simulation and Force Estimation From Heterogeneous Structures Using Equivariant Graph Neural Networks.Healthcare technology lettersArticle
- Trueness and precision of smartphone-based 3D scan in the assessment of facial edema in orthognathic surgery.Journal of oral biology and craniofacial researchArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Three-dimensional soft tissue simulation has become a popular tool in the process of virtual orthognathic surgery planning and patient-surgeon communication. To apply 3D soft tissue simulation software in routine clinical practice, both qualitative and quantitative validation of its accuracy are required. The objective of this study was to systematically review the literature on the accuracy of 3D soft tissue simulation in orthognathic surgery. The Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases were consulted for the literature search. The systematic review (SR) was conducted according to the PRISMA statement, and 40 articles fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Quadas-2 tool was used for the risk of bias assessment for selected studies. A mean error varying from 0.27 mm to 2.9 mm for 3D soft tissue simulations for the whole face was reported. In the studies evaluating 3D soft tissue simulation accuracy after a Le Fort I osteotomy only, the upper lip and paranasal regions were reported to have the largest error, while after an isolated bilateral sagittal split osteotomy, the largest error was reported for the lower lip and chin regions. In the studies evaluating simulation after bimaxillary osteotomy with or without genioplasty, the highest inaccuracy was reported at the level of the lips, predominantly the lower lip, chin, and, sometimes, the paranasal regions. Due to the variability in the study designs and analysis methods, a direct comparison was not possible. Therefore, based on the results of this SR, guidelines to systematize the workflow for evaluating the accuracy of 3D soft tissue simulations in orthognathic surgery in future studies are proposed.
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