Observational studyEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin2024
Factors potentially contributing to the decline of the mpox outbreak in the Netherlands, 2022 and 2023.
Observational study in Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Containment and response strategies for mpox outbreaks: a systematic review.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Mpox vaccine acceptance and its predictors among people who have risky sexual practices: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Pooled it
- Global transmission characteristics of mpox outbreaks: a systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- From neglected to notoriety: a review of Mpox clinical features, virology, epidemiology, treatment and prevention strategies.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025Review
- Determinants of mpox vaccination uptake among MSM during the 2022 outbreak: a single-centre retrospective study at Lyon University Hospital, France.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Relationship dynamics and behavioral adaptations in the control of the 2022 mpox epidemic.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Efficacy of modified-vaccinia Ankara vaccine as pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis against monkeypox sexual transmission in non-human primate model.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Current advances and challenges in mpox vaccine development: a global landscape.Therapeutic advances in vaccines and immunotherapy · 2025Review
- Combining mpox vaccination and behavioural changes to control possible future mpox resurgence among men who have sex with men: a mathematical modelling study.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Continued circulation of mpox: an epidemiological and phylogenetic assessment, European Region, 2023 to 2024.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BackgroundIn 2022 and 2023, a global outbreak of mpox affected mostly gay, bisexual and other men having sex with men (GBMSM). Outbreak control in the Netherlands included isolation, quarantine, post-exposure prophylaxis vaccination and primary preventive vaccination (PPV).AimWe describe the course of the outbreak, the vaccination programme, vaccine effectiveness (VE) of full vaccination against symptomatic disease, and trends in behaviour to generate hypotheses about factors that influenced the outbreak's decline.MethodsIn this observational study, we collected data from public health services on notified cases, number of PPV invitations and PPV doses administered. We calculated PPV uptake and coverage. Trends in behavioural data of GBMSM visiting sexual health centres were analysed for all consultations in 2022. We estimated VE using the screening method.ResultsUntil 31 December 2023, 1,294 mpox cases were reported. The outbreak peaked in early July 2022 and then declined sharply. PPV started on 25 July 2022; in total 29,851 doses were administered, 45.8% received at least one dose, 35.4% were fully vaccinated. The estimated VE was 68.2% (95% CI 4.3-89.5%). We did not observe an evident decrease in high-risk behaviour.DiscussionIt is unlikely that PPV was a driver of the outbreak's decline, as incidence started to decline well before the start of the PPV programme. The possible impact of behavioural change could not be demonstrated with the available indicators, however, the data had limitations, hampering interpretation. We hypothesise that infection-induced immunity in high-risk groups was an important factor explaining the decline.
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