ArticleJournal of medical devices2024
Adaptive Functional Electrical Stimulation Delivers Stimulation Amplitudes Based on Real-Time Gait Biomechanics.
Article in Journal of medical devices, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Network meta-analysis of different electrical stimulation therapies for lower limb functional rehabilitation in stroke patients.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of Belt Accelerations During Push-Off on Propulsion Mechanics in Individuals Post-Stroke.IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society · 2026Article
- We Will, We Will Shock You: Adaptive Versus Conventional Functional Electrical Stimulation in Individuals Post-Stroke.Journal of biomechanical engineering · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is often used in poststroke gait rehabilitation to decrease foot drop and increase forward propulsion. However, not all stroke survivors experience clinically meaningful improvements in gait function following training with FES. The purpose of this work was to develop and validate a novel adaptive FES (AFES) system to improve dorsiflexor (DF) and plantarflexor (PF) stimulation timing and iteratively adjust the stimulation amplitude at each stride based on measured gait biomechanics. Stimulation timing was determined by a series of bilateral footswitches. Stimulation amplitude was calculated based on measured dorsiflexion angle and peak propulsive force, where increased foot drop and decreased paretic propulsion resulted in increased stimulation amplitudes. Ten individuals with chronic poststroke hemiparesis walked on an adaptive treadmill with adaptive FES for three 2-min trials. Stimulation was delivered at the correct time to the dorsiflexor muscles during 95% of strides while stimulation was delivered to the plantarflexor muscles at the correct time during 84% of strides. Stimulation amplitudes were correctly calculated and delivered for all except two strides out of nearly 3000. The adaptive FES system responds to real-time gait biomechanics as intended, and further individualization to subject-specific impairments and rehabilitation goals may lead to improved rehabilitation outcomes.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.