Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38783011›Full record

ArticleCommunications medicine2024

Combined use of Donepezil and Memantine increases the probability of five-year survival of Alzheimer's disease patients.

Ehsan Yaghmaei, Hongxia Lu, Louis Ehwerhemuepha, Jianwei Zheng, Sidy Danioko, Ahmad Rezaie, Seyed Ahmad Sajjadi, Cyril Rakovski

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Communications medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Review
  5. Neurotransmitter Systems in Alzheimer's Disease.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026
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  19. Alzheimer's disease: part 2 - the present.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2024
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Ehsan YaghmaeiSchmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA.
Hongxia LuSchool of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Louis EhwerhemuephaChildren's Hospital of Orange County (CHOC), Orange, CA, USA.
Jianwei ZhengSchmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA.
Sidy DaniokoSchmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA.
Ahmad RezaieSchmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA.
Seyed Ahmad SajjadiSchool of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
Cyril RakovskiSchmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA. rakovski@chapman.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9051-1466

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease. Studying the effects of drug treatments on multiple health outcomes related to AD could be beneficial in demonstrating which drugs reduce the disease burden and increase survival.

methodsWe conducted a comprehensive causal inference study implementing doubly robust estimators and using one of the largest high-quality medical databases, the Oracle Electronic Health Records (EHR) Real-World Data. Our work was focused on the estimation of the effects of the two common Alzheimer's disease drugs, Donepezil and Memantine, and their combined use on the five-year survival since initial diagnosis of AD patients. Also, we formally tested for the presence of interaction between these drugs.

resultsHere, we show that the combined use of Donepezil and Memantine significantly elevates the probability of five-year survival. In particular, their combined use increases the probability of five-year survival by 0.050 (0.021, 0.078) (6.4%), 0.049 (0.012, 0.085), (6.3%), 0.065 (0.035, 0.095) (8.3%) compared to no drug treatment, the Memantine monotherapy, and the Donepezil monotherapy respectively. We also identify a significant beneficial additive drug-drug interaction effect between Donepezil and Memantine of 0.064 (0.030, 0.098).

conclusionsBased on our findings, adopting combined treatment of Memantine and Donepezil could extend the lives of approximately 303,000 people with AD living in the USA to be beyond five-years from diagnosis. If these patients instead have no drug treatment, Memantine monotherapy or Donepezil monotherapy they would be expected to die within five years.

Identifiers

PMID38783011
PMCPMC11116549

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.