ArticleNucleic acids research2024
Primordial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases preferred minihelices to full-length tRNA.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Borderlands of Foldability: Lessons from Simplified Proteins.Trends in chemistry · 2026Article
- The central dogma in reverse.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Review
- Reduced Amino Acid Substitution Matrices Find Traces of Ancient Coding Alphabets in Modern Day Proteins.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Structural Enzymology, Phylogenetics, Differentiation, and Symbolic Reflexivity at the Dawn of Biology.Genome biology and evolution · 2025Article
- AARS Online: A collaborative database on the structure, function, and evolution of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases.IUBMB life · 2024Article
- A genomic database furnishes minimal functional glycyl-tRNA synthetases homologous to other, designed class II urzymes.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- Base Pairing Promoted the Self-Organization of Genetic Coding, Catalysis, and Free-Energy Transduction.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (AARS) and tRNAs translate the genetic code in all living cells. Little is known about how their molecular ancestors began to enforce the coding rules for the expression of their own genes. Schimmel et al. proposed in 1993 that AARS catalytic domains began by reading an 'operational' code in the acceptor stems of tRNA minihelices. We show here that the enzymology of an AARS urzyme•TΨC-minihelix cognate pair is a rich in vitro realization of that idea. The TΨC-minihelixLeu is a very poor substrate for full-length Leucyl-tRNA synthetase. It is a superior RNA substrate for the corresponding urzyme, LeuAC. LeuAC active-site mutations shift the choice of both amino acid and RNA substrates. AARS urzyme•minihelix cognate pairs are thus small, pliant models for the ancestral decoding hardware. They are thus an ideal platform for detailed experimental study of the operational RNA code.
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