ReviewGut2024
'Unusual' HCV genotype subtypes: origin, distribution, sensitivity to direct-acting antiviral drugs and behaviour on antiviral treatment and retreatment.
Review in Gut, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- A novel dimerization site in non-structural protein 5A of hepatitis C virus regulates viral replication fitness.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Differing Epidemiology of Chronic Hepatitis C Infection, Treatment, and Outcomes Among Migrants and Australian-Born Patients.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2026Article
- Unravelling HCV diversity and resistance in Viet Nam: a cross-sectional analysis.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2026Article
- Integrated deep learning and multi-scale modeling for the discovery of pan-genotypic HCV NS5B polymerase inhibitors.Molecular diversity · 2026Article
- Liver Macrophages in the Pathogenesis of Viral Hepatitis.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- HCV-Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis: Molecular Mechanisms, Persistent Cancer Risk, and Future Perspectives.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Co-Circulation of Divergent Strains Supports Vector-Mediated Transmission of Rodent Hepacivirus J (Viruses · 2026Article
- Traveling with chronic viral hepatitis.Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines · 2026Review
- Mapping Determinants of Hepatitis C Virus E1/E2 Transmembrane Interactions Using Intergenotypic Chimeras.Viruses · 2026Article
- Genotypic Distribution and Epidemiological Analysis of Hepatitis C Virus in the Epirus Region of Northwestern Greece (2014-2024).Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Targets of protective immunity and opportunities in hepatitis C virus vaccine development.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- 2025 KASL clinical practice guidelines for management of hepatitis C.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2026Article
- Highly replicating hepatitis C virus variants emerge in immunosuppressed patients causing severe disease.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Hepatitis C (HCV) and Hepatitis Delta (HDV) Viruses in a Teaching Hospital in Southern Italy: What Is the Epidemiological Situation in the Era of New Drugs?Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Observational
- Performance of a novel DiaRD-HCV RNA RTqPCR kit for quantification of HCV RNA in clinical samples.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025Article
- Highly genetically diverse variants of hepatitis C virus still predominate in Cameroon but with low frequency of mutations associated to resistance of NS5B polymerase-targeted antivirals.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2025Article
- Oncoviruses in the Oral Cavity: Recent Advances in Understanding Viral Infections and Tumorigenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Molecular Epidemiology of Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes in Northern Thailand: A Retrospective Study from 2016 to 2024.Infectious disease reports · 2025Article
- Hypoxia-inducible factor 2 triggers the production of highly infectious native-like hepatitis C virus particles.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Article
- Impact of hepatitis C virus genotype on the efficacy of the direct-acting antivirals in chronic kidney disease patients in West Bengal, India.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The high genetic diversity of hepatitis C virus (HCV) has led to the emergence of eight genotypes and a large number of subtypes in limited geographical areas. Currently approved pangenotypic DAA regimens have been designed and developed to be effective against the most common subtypes (1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 4a, 5a and 6a). However, large populations living in Africa and Asia, or who have migrated from these regions to industrialised countries, are infected with 'unusual', non-epidemic HCV subtypes, including some that are inherently resistant to currently available direct-acting antiviral (DAA) drugs due to the presence of natural polymorphisms at resistance-associated substitution positions. In this review article, we describe the origin and subsequent global spread of HCV genotypes and subtypes, the current global distribution of common and unusual HCV subtypes, the polymorphisms naturally present in the genome sequences of unusual HCV subtypes that may confer inherently reduced susceptibility to DAA drugs and the available data on the response of unusual HCV subtypes to first-line HCV therapy and retreatment. We conclude that the problem of unusual HCV subtypes that are inherently resistant to DAAs and its threat to the global efforts to eliminate viral hepatitis are largely underestimated and warrant vigorous action.
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