ArticleEmerging infectious diseases2024
Outbreak of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus in Seals, St. Lawrence Estuary, Quebec, Canada
Article in Emerging infectious diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Circulation of avian influenza viruses in migratory birds in Europe and in Africa: a systematic review.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Pooled it
- A caprine mammary infection model for highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1.Science advances · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Distribution of influenza A virus receptors in tissues of South American marine wildlife.Veterinary research communications · 2026Article
- Population immunity to clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 is dominated by anti-neuraminidase antibodies.mBio · 2026Article
- Cross-reactive human antibody responses to H5N1 influenza virus neuraminidase are shaped by immune history.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Host-specific functional evolution of seal influenza A virus NS1 protein following avian-to-seal transmission.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Expanding Horizons: Host Range Evolution and Treatment Strategies for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 and H7N9.Viruses · 2025Review
- Article
- Influenza A Virus H5N1 Subtype: Resurgent Interspecies and Intercontinental Transmission, and a New Host.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Neutralizing activity against bovine H5N1 HPAIV (clade 2.3.4.4b) in human plasma after seasonal influenza vaccination.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Review
- Cross-reactive human antibody responses to H5N1 influenza virus neuraminidase are shaped by immune history.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Attachment Patterns of Avian Influenza H5 Clade 2.3.4.4b Virus in Respiratory Tracts of Marine Mammals, North Atlantic Ocean.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Preexisting immunity to the 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus reduces susceptibility to H5N1 infection and disease in ferrets.Science translational medicine · 2025Article
- Transmission and pathogenicity in ferrets after experimental infection with HPAI clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 viruses.The Journal of general virology · 2025Article
- Approaches for inactivating highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 cattle isolate for safe containment level 2 laboratory practices.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1: history, current situation, and outlook.Journal of virology · 2025Review
- Pasteurisation temperatures effectively inactivate influenza A viruses in milk.Nature communications · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We describe an unusual mortality event caused by a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) virus clade 2.3.4.4b involving harbor (Phoca vitulina) and gray (Halichoerus grypus) seals in the St. Lawrence Estuary, Quebec, Canada, in 2022. Fifteen (56%) of the seals submitted for necropsy were considered to be fatally infected by HPAI H5N1 containing fully Eurasian or Eurasian/North American genome constellations. Concurrently, presence of large numbers of bird carcasses infected with HPAI H5N1 at seal haul-out sites most likely contributed to the spillover of infection to the seals. Histologic changes included meningoencephalitis (100%), fibrinosuppurative alveolitis, and multiorgan acute necrotizing inflammation. This report of fatal HPAI H5N1 infection in pinnipeds in Canada raises concerns about the expanding host of this virus, the potential for the establishment of a marine mammal reservoir, and the public health risks associated with spillover to mammals.Nous décrivons un événement de mortalité inhabituelle causé par un virus de l'influenza aviaire hautement pathogène A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b chez des phoques communs (Phoca vitulina) et gris (Halichoerus grypus) dans l'estuaire du Saint-Laurent au Québec, Canada, en 2022. Quinze (56%) des phoques soumis pour nécropsie ont été considérés comme étant fatalement infectés par le virus H5N1 de lignées eurasiennes ou de réassortiment eurasiennes/nord-américaines. Un grand nombre simultané de carcasses d'oiseaux infectés par le H5N1 sur les sites d'échouement a probablement contribué à la contamination de ces phoques. Les changements histologiques associés à cette infection incluaient : méningo-encéphalite (100%), alvéolite fibrinosuppurée et inflammation nécrosante aiguë multi-organique. Cette documentation soulève des préoccupations quant à l'émergence de virus mortels, à la possibilité d'établissement de réservoirs chez les mammifères marins, et aux risques pour la santé publique associés aux propagations du virus chez les mammifères.
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