Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38778600›Full record

ReviewCurrent medicinal chemistry2025

The Role of Vitamins, Magnesium, and Trace Elements in COVID-19 Treatment and Post-COVID-19 Rehabilitation: An Updated Overview.

Geir Bjørklund, Iryna Drapak, Borys Zimenkovsky, Mariia Shanaida, Lesya Kobylinska, Olha Denefil, Roman Lysiuk, Olena Pokryshko, Liliya Logoyda, Petro Oliinyk and 2 more

Abstract readReview
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In one paragraph

Review in Current medicinal chemistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Geir BjørklundDepartment of Research, Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Mo i Rana, Norway.
Iryna DrapakDanylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine.
Borys ZimenkovskyDanylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine.
Mariia ShanaidaI. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine.
Lesya KobylinskaDanylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine.
Olha DenefilI. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine.
Roman LysiukDanylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine.
Olena PokryshkoI. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine.
Liliya LogoydaI. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine.
Petro OliinykDanylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine.
Volodymyr ShanaidaCONEM Ukraine Natural Drugs Research Group, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine.
Yuliya SemenovaSchool of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This review summarizes the scientific knowledge concerning the impact of vitamins, magnesium, and trace elements on various mechanisms contributing to the possible treatment and prevention of COVID-19, including its delayed consequences. A search was conducted in various databases, including PubMed, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.- gov, and Web of Science. Among the main mechanisms involved in the effects of the studied micronutrients, immune-boosting, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects were also highlighted. The analyzed clinical trials confirmed that supplementation with higher daily doses of some micronutrients can reduce SARS-CoV-2 viral load and hospitalization time. The potential role of most known vitamins in preventing, treating COVID-19, and rehabilitating patients was considered. The most promising agents for combating COVID-19 and its consequences might be the following vitamins: vitamin D, ascorbic acid, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and some B complex vitamins. Inorganic elements deserving attention include magnesium and trace elements, such as zinc, selenium, copper, and iron. Some associations were found between micronutrient deficiencies and COVID-19 severity in children, adults, and older people. Patients can obtain the aforementioned micronutrients from natural food sources or as supplements/- drugs in various dosage forms. The reviewed micronutrients might be considered adjunctive treatment strategies for COVID-19 patients.

Indexed as

COVID-19COVID-19 Drug TreatmentMagnesiumTrace ElementsVitaminsDietary SupplementsHumansMicronutrientsSARS-CoV-2MagnesiumMicronutrientsTrace ElementsVitaminsascorbic acidcopperCOVID-19fat-soluble vitaminsironmagnesiummicronutrientsseleniumvitamin B complexzinc.

Identifiers

PMID38778600

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.