ArticleStem cell research & therapy2024
TBX3 transfection and nodal signal pathway inhibition promote differentiation of adipose mesenchymal stem cell to cardiac pacemaker-like cells.
Article in Stem cell research & therapy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Fetal tachyarrhythmias: current knowledge for clinical practice.Translational pediatrics · 2025Review
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8 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known as one of the best candidate cells to produce cardiac pacemaker-like cells (CPLCs). Upregulation of TBX3 transcription factor and inhibition of the nodal signal pathway have a significant role in the formation of cardiac pacemaker cells such as sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes, which initiate the heartbeat and control the rhythm of heart contractions. This study aimed to confirm the effects of transfection of TBX3 transcription factor and inhibition of the nodal signal pathway on differentiating adipose-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs) to CPLCs. AD-MSCs were characterized using flow cytometry and three-lineage differentiation staining.
methodsThe transfection of TBX3 plasmid was carried out using lipofectamine, and inhibition of the nodal signal pathway was done using the small-molecule SB431542. The morphology of the cells was observed using a light microscope. Pacemaker-specific markers, including TBX3, Cx30, HCN4, HCN1, HCN3, and KCNN4, were evaluated using the qRT-PCR method. For protein level, TBX3 and Cx30 were evaluated using ELISA and immunofluorescence staining. The electrophysiology of cells was evaluated using a patch clamp.
resultsThe TBX3 expression in the TBX3, SM, and TBX + SM groups significantly higher (p < 0.05) compared to the control group and cardiomyocytes. The expression of Cx40 and Cx43 genes were lower in TBX3, SM, TBX + SM groups. In contrast, Cx30 gene showed higher expression in TBX3 group. The expression HCN1, HCN3, and HCN4 genes are higher in TBX3 group.
conclusionThe transfection of TBX3 and inhibition of the nodal signal pathway by small-molecule SB431542 enhanced differentiation of AD-MSCs to CPLCs.
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