ArticleClinical proteomics2024
Proteomic snapshot of saliva samples predicts new pathways implicated in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis.
Article in Clinical proteomics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Viral Mutation Profiling and Discovery Strategy for Sensitive Multiplex Detection of Viruses and Variants in Saliva by Proteomics.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Unraveling the COVID-19 Severity Hubs and Interplays in Inflammatory-Related RNA-Protein Networks.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Analyses of Saliva Metabolome Reveal Patterns of Metabolites That Differentiate SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Disease Severity.Metabolites · 2025Article
- 4D-DIA Proteomics Uncovers New Insights into Host Salivary Response Following SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection.Journal of proteome research · 2025Article
- Utility of Protein Markers in COVID-19 Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The 2024 Report on the Human Proteome from the HUPO Human Proteome Project.Journal of proteome research · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundInformation on the microbiome's human pathways and active members that can affect SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and pathogenesis in the salivary proteome is very scarce. Here, we studied a unique collection of samples harvested from April to June 2020 from unvaccinated patients.
methodsWe compared 10 infected and hospitalized patients with severe (n = 5) and moderate (n = 5) coronavirus disease (COVID-19) with 10 uninfected individuals, including non-COVID-19 but susceptible individuals (n = 5) and non-COVID-19 and nonsusceptible healthcare workers with repeated high-risk exposures (n = 5).
resultsBy performing high-throughput proteomic profiling in saliva samples, we detected 226 unique differentially expressed (DE) human proteins between groups (q-value ≤ 0.05) out of 3376 unambiguously identified proteins (false discovery rate ≤ 1%). Major differences were observed between the non-COVID-19 and nonsusceptible groups. Bioinformatics analysis of DE proteins revealed human proteomic signatures related to inflammatory responses, central cellular processes, and antiviral activity associated with the saliva of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients (p-value ≤ 0.0004). Discriminatory biomarker signatures from human saliva include cystatins, protective molecules present in the oral cavity, calprotectins, involved in cell cycle progression, and histones, related to nucleosome functions. The expression levels of two human proteins related to protein transport in the cytoplasm, DYNC1 (p-value, 0.0021) and MAPRE1 (p-value, 0.047), correlated with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) plasma activity. Finally, the proteomes of microorganisms present in the saliva samples showed 4 main microbial functional features related to ribosome functioning that were overrepresented in the infected group.
conclusionOur study explores potential candidates involved in pathways implicated in SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility, although further studies in larger cohorts will be necessary.
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