Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38778000›Full record

ArticleJournal of autism and developmental disorders2026

Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children and Adolescents in the United States from 2021 to 2022.

Xiaofang Yan, Yanmei Li, Qishan Li, Qian Li, Guifeng Xu, Jinhua Lu, Wenhan Yang

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. The Impact of Social Media & Technology on Child and Adolescent Mental Health.Journal of psychiatry and psychiatric disorders · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Xiaofang Yan *Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
Yanmei Li *Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
Qishan LiDepartment of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
Qian LiDepartment of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
Guifeng XuDepartment of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
Jinhua LuDivision of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China. jinhua.lu@bigcs.org.
Wenhan YangDepartment of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China. wenhan-yang@gdpu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4786-1516

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 81973063
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) among children and adolescents seem to be high in countries around the world, and it's worth understanding the latest prevalence and trends of ASD in children and adolescents. The purpose of this study was to examine the latest prevalence and decade trend of ASD among individuals aged 3-17 years in the United States.

methodsA total of 13,198 individuals aged 3-17 years were included. Annual data were examined from the National Health Interview Survey (2021-2022). Weighted prevalence for each of the selected developmental disabilities were calculated.

resultsThis cross-sectional study estimated the weighted prevalence of autism spectrum disorder were 3.05, 3.79, and 3.42% among individuals aged 3-17 years in the US in 2021, 2022, and the 2-year overall, respectively. We also observed a decade-long upward trend even after adjusting for demographic characteristics (P for trend < .05).

conclusionThe results of this study showed that the prevalence of ASD among children and adolescents aged 3-17 years in the United States remained high and has increased over the past decade. The further investigation is necessary to evaluate potential modifiable risk factors and causes of ASD.

Indexed as

Autism Spectrum DisorderAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHealth SurveysHumansMalePrevalenceUnited StatesAutism spectrum disorderChildren and adolescentsNHISPrevalence

Identifiers

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.