ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2024
A phytoplasma effector destabilizes chloroplastic glutamine synthetase inducing chlorotic leaves that attract leafhopper vectors.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- The pathogenic effector PHYL1The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2026Article
- Plastoglobules: A metabolic hub for nitrogen assimilation.Plant communications · 2026Article
- Phytoplasma Effector SJP8 Suppresses Host Immunity by Promoting the Degradation of ZjMYB15 and ZjMYB86-like to Perturb Jasmonic Acid and Hydrogen Peroxide Homeostasis in Jujube.Molecular plant pathology · 2026Article
- The insect Toll pathway activates antibacterial immunity against the citrus Huanglongbing pathogen.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Comparative Genome Analysis of 16SrXII-A 'Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Extended phenotype of phytoplasmas in eukaryotic systems: mechanisms and ecological implications.Frontiers in plant science · 2026Review
- Pathogen effector tactics to suppress plant endomembrane system.Frontiers in plant science · 2026Review
- A small peptide APP3-14 disrupts pathogen-insect mutualism by modulating plant MYC2-mediated olfactory defense.Plant communications · 2025Article
- Effector innovation in genome-reduced phytoplasmas and other host-dependent mollicutes.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
- Alternaria solani Effector AsCEP20, Essential for Virulence, Targets Potato StFtsH4 Protein to Suppress Plant Disease Resistance.Molecular plant pathology · 2025Article
- Bacterial vector-borne plant diseases: global issues caused by three-way interactions.Crop health · 2025Review
- Fungal Warriors: Effects ofBiomolecules · 2025Article
- Glutamine Synthetase: Diverse Regulation and Functions of an Ancient Enzyme.Biochemistry · 2025Review
- The SUMO-conjugating enzyme OsSCE1a from wild rice regulates the functional stay-green trait in rice.Plant biotechnology journal · 2025Article
- A phytoplasma effector suppresses insect melanization immune response to promote pathogen persistent transmission.Science advances · 2025Article
- Protein Dynamics in Plant Immunity: Insights into Plant-Pest Interactions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
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10 authors.
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Abstract
Leaf yellowing is a well-known phenotype that attracts phloem-feeding insects. However, it remains unclear how insect-vectored plant pathogens induce host leaf yellowing to facilitate their own transmission by insect vectors. Here, we report that an effector protein secreted by rice orange leaf phytoplasma (ROLP) inhibits chlorophyll biosynthesis and induces leaf yellowing to attract leafhopper vectors, thereby presumably promoting pathogen transmission. This effector, designated secreted ROLP protein 1 (SRP1), first secreted into rice phloem by ROLP, was subsequently translocated to chloroplasts by interacting with the chloroplastic glutamine synthetase (GS2). The direct interaction between SRP1 and GS2 disrupts the decamer formation of the GS2 holoenzyme, attenuating its enzymatic activity, thereby suppressing the synthesis of chlorophyll precursors glutamate and glutamine. Transgenic expression of SRP1 in rice plants decreased GS2 activity and chlorophyll precursor accumulation, finally inducing leaf yellowing. This process is correlated with the previous evidence that the knockout of GS2 expression in rice plants causes a similar yellow chlorosis phenotype. Consistently, these yellowing leaves attracted higher numbers of leafhopper vectors, caused the vectors to probe more frequently, and presumably facilitate more efficient phytoplasma transmission. Together, these results uncover the mechanism used by phytoplasmas to manipulate the leaf color of infected plants for the purpose of enhancing attractiveness to insect vectors.
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