ReviewJournal of animal science2024
The balance of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids in canine, feline, and equine nutrition: exploring sources and the significance of alpha-linolenic acid.
Review in Journal of animal science, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Use of a Micronutrient Cocktail to Improve Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) in Adults with Obesity: A Randomized, Double-Blinded Pilot Clinical Trial.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Trial
- Perspectives on dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation for enhanced immunity in healthy and ill dogs: a narrative review.Veterinary and animal science · 2026Review
- A Comprehensive Review of the Equine Gut Microbiome in Health and Disease.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Longitudinal Assessment of the Canine Fecal Microbiota in Response to Dietary Hempseed By-Product and Oil: A 90-Day Nutritional Intervention Study.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Nutritional Evaluation of Commercial Dog and Cat Foods Based on Key Nutrient Requirements.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Delphinidin Exerts Immunomodulatory Effects in Canine Neutrophils and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells by Limiting Tissue Damaging Mechanisms and Regulating Cytokine Responses.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Lipid source and kibble matrix determine oxidative stability and n-3 fatty acid loss in coated extruded dog food.Journal of animal science · 2026Article
- Nutritional Profiling and Labeling Practices of Plant-Based, Hybrid, and Animal-Based Dog Foods: A Study of European Pack Labels (2020-2024).Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Exploring Chinese Consumers' Attitudes Towards Pet Nutritional Products and Their Continuous Purchase Intentions: A Dual-Phase Analysis Using SEM and ANN.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Proximate Composition and In Vitro Bioactive Properties of Leaf Extracts from SevenFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The effects of a plant-based and a plant- and marine-based n-3 oil supplement on behavioral reactivity, heart rate variability, and plasma fatty acid profile in young healthy horses.Journal of animal science · 2025Article
- The effect of dietary camelina, flaxseed, and canola oil supplementation on skin fatty acid profile and immune and inflammatory responses in healthy adult horses.Journal of animal science · 2025Article
- Feeding of a high protein, low carbohydrate diet leads to greater postprandial energy expenditure and fasted n6: n3 fatty acid ratio in lean, adult dogs compared to a moderate protein, moderate carbohydrate diet.Translational animal science · 2025Article
- Article
- Connection between nutrition and oncology in dogs and cats: perspectives, evidence, and implications-a comprehensive review.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Review
- Effect of a dietary nutraceutical "STRUCTURE-Joint" on response of horses to intra-articular challenge with IL-1: implications for tissue adaptation to stress.Translational animal science · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Both n-6 and n-3 fatty acids (FA) have numerous significant physiological roles for mammals. The interplay between these families of FA is of interest in companion animal nutrition due to the influence of the n-6:n-3 FA ratio on the modulation of the inflammatory response in disease management and treatment. As both human and animal diets have shifted to greater consumption of vegetable oils rich in n-6 FA, the supplementation of n-3 FA to canine, feline, and equine diets has been advocated for. Although fish oils are commonly added to supply the long-chain n-3 FA eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a heavy reliance on this ingredient by the human, pet food, and equine supplement industries is not environmentally sustainable. Instead, sustainable sourcing of plant-based oils rich in n-3 α-linolenic acid (ALA), such as flaxseed and camelina oils, emerges as a viable option to support an optimal n-6:n-3 FA ratio. Moreover, ALA may offer health benefits that extend beyond its role as a precursor for endogenous EPA and DHA production. The following review underlines the metabolism and recommendations of n-6 and n-3 FA for dogs, cats, and horses and the ratio between them in promoting optimal health and inflammation management. Additionally, insights into both marine and plant-based n-3 FA sources will be discussed, along with the commercial practicality of using plant oils rich in ALA for the provision of n-3 FA to companion animals.
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