Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38773117›Full record

ArticleNature communications2024

Graded decisions in the human brain.

Tao Xie, Markus Adamek, Hohyun Cho, Matthew A Adamo, Anthony L Ritaccio, Jon T Willie, Peter Brunner, Jan Kubanek

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Sensorimotor faculties bias choice behavior.Frontiers in psychology · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Tao XieDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6727-7739
Markus AdamekDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8519-9212
Hohyun ChoDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1512-0622
Matthew A AdamoDepartment of Neurosurgery, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8477-573X
Anthony L RitaccioDepartment of Neurology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-1476-1900
Jon T WillieDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9565-4338
Peter BrunnerDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. pbrunner@wustl.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2588-2754
Jan KubanekDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA. jan.kubanek@utah.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0527-5559

Funding

Training and DisseminationP41EB018783 · NIBIB · WADSWORTH CENTER · PI Theresa M. Vaughan · 2014 to 2026
$15.4M
An Ecosystem of Technology and Protocols for Adaptive Neuromodulation Research in HumansU01NS128612 · NINDS · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI Peter Brunner, Kai Miller · 2022 to 2026
$4.5M
BCI2000: Software Resource for Adaptive Neurotechnology ResearchU24NS109103 · NINDS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI BRUNNER, PETER · 2019 to 2024
$2.8M
Mechanisms of Amygdala-Mediated Memory Enhancement in HumansR01MH120194 · NIMH · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI WILLIE, JON TIMOTHY · 2020 to 2024
$1.8M
BCI2000+: A Software Platform for Adaptive NeurotechnologiesR01EB026439 · NIBIB · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI BRUNNER, PETER · 2018 to 2022
$1.5M
Dynamics and Causal Functions of Large-Scale Cortical and Subcortical NetworksU01NS108916 · NINDS · WADSWORTH CENTER · PI WOLPAW, JONATHAN RICKEL · 2018 to 2019
$1.4M
Noninvasive Targeted NeuromodulationRF1NS128569 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI KUBANEK, JAN · 2022 to 2022
$1.4M
Optimizing Pharmacotherapy with Noninvasive Wearable Sensors and Subscalp EEGUH3NS123066 · NINDS · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI Benjamin H Brinkmann, Gregory A Worrell · 2025 to 2026
$1.4M
Ultrasonic Neuromodulation: From Mechanism To Optimal ApplicationR00NS100986 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI KUBANEK, JAN · 2019 to 2021
$729k
NIBIB NIH HHS P41 EB018783NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB026439NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH120194NINDS NIH HHS R00 NS100986NINDS NIH HHS RF1 NS128569NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS108916NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS128612NINDS NIH HHS U24 NS109103NINDS NIH HHS UH3 NS123066U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) P41-EB018783U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) R01-MH120194U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) U01-NS108916U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) U01-NS128612U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) U24-NS109103U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) R00-NS100986U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) RF1-NS128569
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Decision-makers objectively commit to a definitive choice, yet at the subjective level, human decisions appear to be associated with a degree of uncertainty. Whether decisions are definitive (i.e., concluding in all-or-none choices), or whether the underlying representations are graded, remains unclear. To answer this question, we recorded intracranial neural signals directly from the brain while human subjects made perceptual decisions. The recordings revealed that broadband gamma activity reflecting each individual's decision-making process, ramped up gradually while being graded by the accumulated decision evidence. Crucially, this grading effect persisted throughout the decision process without ever reaching a definite bound at the time of choice. This effect was most prominent in the parietal cortex, a brain region traditionally implicated in decision-making. These results provide neural evidence for a graded decision process in humans and an analog framework for flexible choice behavior.

Indexed as

BrainDecision MakingParietal LobeAdultChoice BehaviorFemaleHumansMaleUncertaintyYoung Adult

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.