Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38772946›Full record

ReviewLung2024

Phage Therapy for Respiratory Infections: Opportunities and Challenges.

Arya Khosravi, Qingquan Chen, Arne Echterhof, Jonathan L Koff, Paul L Bollyky

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Lung, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Phage-Based Approaches to ChronicAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Antimicrobial Resistance: The Answers.British journal of biomedical science · 2026
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. The respiratory tract virome: unravelling the role of viral dark matter in respiratory health and disease.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025
    Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Arya KhosraviDivision of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. akhosrav@stanford.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-4958-3556
Qingquan ChenDivision of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Arne EchterhofDivision of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Jonathan L KoffSection of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3240-3173
Paul L BollykyDivision of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2499-9448

Funding

EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASEST32AI007502 · NIAID · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Prasanna Jagannathan, DAVID A. RELMAN · 1995 to 2026
$6.8M
Non-invasive Monitoring for Infections and Rejection after Lung TransplantationR01AI182349 · NIAID · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Paul L Bollyky · 2024 to 2026
$1.8M
Pathogenesis of Pf Bacteriophages in Pseudomonas Cystic Fibrosis lung InfectionsR01HL148184 · NHLBI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI MILLA, CARLOS · 2019 to 2022
$1.7M
Studies on bacteriophages in respiratory diseasesK24AI166718 · NIAID · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Paul L Bollyky · 2022 to 2026
$815k
Circulating Bacteriophages for the Diagnosis of SepsisR21GM147838 · NIGMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI BOLLYKY, PAUL L, YANG, SAMUEL · 2022 to 2023
$429k
Cystic Fibrosis Foundation 003397D122Cystic Fibrosis Foundation CHEN21F0Doris Duke Charitable Foundation 2023-0217NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL148184NIAID NIH HHS K24 AI166718NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI182349NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007502NIGMS NIH HHS R21 GM147838NIH HHS R01AI12492093
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We are entering the post-antibiotic era. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical problem in chronic lung infections resulting in progressive respiratory failure and increased mortality. In the absence of emerging novel antibiotics to counter AMR infections, bacteriophages (phages), viruses that infect bacteria, have become a promising option for chronic respiratory infections. However, while personalized phage therapy is associated with improved outcomes in individual cases, clinical trials demonstrating treatment efficacy are lacking, limiting the therapeutic potential of this approach for respiratory infections. In this review, we address the current state of phage therapy for managing chronic respiratory diseases. We then discuss how phage therapy may address major microbiologic obstacles which hinder disease resolution of chronic lung infections with current antibiotic-based treatment practices. Finally, we highlight the challenges that must be addressed for successful phage therapy clinical trials. Through this discussion, we hope to expand on the potential of phages as an adjuvant therapy in chronic lung infections, as well as the microbiologic challenges that need to be addressed for phage therapy to expand beyond personalized salvage therapy.

Indexed as

Phage TherapyRespiratory Tract InfectionsAnti-Bacterial AgentsBacteriophagesChronic DiseaseHumansAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntimicrobial resistanceBacteriophageChronic infectionsPhage therapy

Identifiers

PMID38772946
PMCPMC11570333

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.