ArticleRMD open2024
Machine learning identifies risk factors associated with long-term opioid use in fibromyalgia patients newly initiated on an opioid.
Article in RMD open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- High Burden and Phenotype-Specific Variability of Pain Polypharmacy in Early Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases: A 15-Year Real-World Analysis.Research square · 2026Article
- Observational
- Factors associated with long-term opioid use among patients with axial spondyloarthritis or psoriatic arthritis who initiate opioids.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- A Comprehensive Analysis of Fibromyalgia and the Role of the Endogenous Opioid System.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Cross-sectional Study on Medical Attitude Towards Artificial Intelligence Use in Fibromyalgia: Insights From the Annual Thinking Lab on Fibromyalgia Syndrome (ATLAS 2024).Translational medicine @ UniSa · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesFibromyalgia is frequently treated with opioids due to limited therapeutic options. Long-term opioid use is associated with several adverse outcomes. Identifying factors associated with long-term opioid use is the first step in developing targeted interventions. The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors in fibromyalgia patients newly initiated on opioids using machine learning.
methodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using a nationally representative primary care dataset from the UK, from the Clinical Research Practice Datalink. Fibromyalgia patients without prior cancer who were new opioid users were included. Logistic regression, a random forest model and Boruta feature selection were used to identify risk factors related to long-term opioid use. Adjusted ORs (aORs) and feature importance scores were calculated to gauge the strength of these associations.
resultsIn this study, 28 552 fibromyalgia patients initiating opioids were identified of which 7369 patients (26%) had long-term opioid use. High initial opioid dose (aOR: 31.96, mean decrease accuracy (MDA) 135), history of self-harm (aOR: 2.01, MDA 44), obesity (aOR: 2.43, MDA 36), high deprivation (aOR: 2.00, MDA 31) and substance use disorder (aOR: 2.08, MDA 25) were the factors most strongly associated with long-term use.
conclusionsHigh dose of initial opioid prescription, a history of self-harm, obesity, high deprivation, substance use disorder and age were associated with long-term opioid use. This study underscores the importance of recognising these individual risk factors in fibromyalgia patients to better navigate the complexities of opioid use and facilitate patient-centred care.
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