Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38768958›Full record

ArticleEuropean heart journal2024

Nocturnal heat exposure and stroke risk.

Cheng He, Susanne Breitner, Siqi Zhang, Veronika Huber, Markus Naumann, Claudia Traidl-Hoffmann, Gertrud Hammel, Annette Peters, Michael Ertl, Alexandra Schneider

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European heart journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Prenatal exposure to extreme heat and autism in children.The Science of the total environment · 2026
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Cheng HeInstitute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-8470-0834
Susanne BreitnerInstitute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Siqi ZhangInstitute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Veronika HuberInstitute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Markus NaumannDepartment of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany.
Claudia Traidl-HoffmannEnvironmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany.
Gertrud HammelEnvironmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany.
Annette PetersInstitute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Michael ErtlDepartment of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany.
Alexandra SchneiderInstitute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-1084-2442

Funding

Alexander von Humboldt FoundationHumboldt Research Fellowship
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

aimsIn recent decades, nighttime temperatures have increased faster than daytime temperatures. The increasing prevalence of nocturnal heat exposure may pose a significant risk to cardiovascular health. This study investigated the association between nighttime heat exposure and stroke risk in the region of Augsburg, Germany, and examined its temporal variations over 15 years.

methodsHourly meteorological parameters, including mean temperature, relative humidity, and barometric pressure, were acquired from a local meteorological station. A data set was obtained consisting of 11 037 clinical stroke cases diagnosed during warmer months (May to October) between the years 2006 and 2020. The average age of cases was 71.3 years. Among these cases, 642 were identified as haemorrhagic strokes, 7430 were classified as ischaemic strokes, and 2947 were transient ischaemic attacks. A time-stratified case-crossover analysis with a distributed lag non-linear model was used to estimate the stroke risk associated with extreme nighttime heat, as measured by the hot night excess (HNE) index after controlling for the potential confounding effects of daily maximum temperature and other climatic variables. Subgroup analyses by age group, sex, stroke subtype, and stroke severity were performed to identify variations in susceptibility to nighttime heat.

resultsResults suggested a significant increase in stroke risk on days with extreme nighttime heat (97.5% percentile of HNE) (odds ratio 1.07, 95% confidence interval 1.01-1.15) during the full study period. When comparing the results for 2013-20 with the results for 2006-12, there was a significant increase (P < .05) in HNE-related risk for all strokes and specifically for ischaemic strokes during the more recent period. Furthermore, older individuals, females, and patients with mild stroke symptoms exhibited a significantly increased vulnerability to nighttime heat.

conclusionsThis study found nocturnal heat exposure to be related to elevated stroke risk after controlling for maximum daytime temperature, with increasing susceptibility between 2006 and 2020. These results underscore the importance of considering nocturnal heat as a critical trigger of stroke events in a warming climate.

Indexed as

Hot TemperatureStrokeAgedAged, 80 and overEnvironmental ExposureFemaleGermanyHumansIschemic Attack, TransientIschemic StrokeMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsClimate changeHot nightIschaemic strokesStroke

Identifiers

PMID38768958
PMCPMC11212822

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.