ArticleArchives of gynecology and obstetrics2024
Maternal caffeine intake during pregnancy and the risk of delivering a small for gestational age baby: Kuopio Birth Cohort.
Article in Archives of gynecology and obstetrics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Maternal Coffee Consumption During Pregnancy and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Offspring: A Case-Control Study and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Pooled it
- Maternal Diet During Pregnancy and Offspring Health: Current Evidence on Dietary Patterns, Microbiota, and Developmental Programming.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Glucose Co-Treatment Modulates Caffeine-Induced Transcriptomic Alterations During Embryogenesis in Zebrafish (Biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Maternal Caffeine Consumption and Pregnancy Outcomes.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Maternal nutritional imbalance during pregnancy and the development of fetal-origin cardiovascular diseases.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Combined cord blood metabolomic and clinical signatures discriminate small for gestational age neonates in preeclampsia.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Pregnancy and Caffeine Metabolism: Updated Insights and Implications for Maternal-Fetal Health.Nutrients · 2025Review
- The Fetal Effect of Maternal Caffeine Consumption During Pregnancy-A Review.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Dietary factors and risk for adverse pregnancy outcome: A Mendelian randomization analysis.Food science & nutrition · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeHigh caffeine intake during pregnancy is associated with restricted fetal growth. We aimed to evaluate the association between maternal caffeine intake during early and late pregnancy and the risk of delivering a small for gestational age (SGA) baby.
methodsKuopio Birth Cohort (KuBiCo) is a prospective cohort study including women whose pregnancies and deliveries were treated at the prenatal clinics in outpatient healthcare centers and in Kuopio University Hospital, Finland. Maternal diet and caffeine intake during the first (n = 2007) and third (n = 4362) trimester of pregnancy were assessed using a 160-item food frequency questionnaire (2013-2022). SGA was defined as birth weight corrected for gestational age below - 2 standard deviations from the mean, according to the sex-specific Finnish fetal growth curves.
resultsAltogether in 32 and 38% (1st and 3rd trimester) of all women and in 44 and 52% of coffee drinkers, caffeine intake exceeded the recommendation for caffeine intake (
conclusionsModerate and high caffeine intake during early pregnancy is associated with SGA. As the results suggest that even moderate caffeine intake during the first trimester may increase the risk of SGA, the intake within recommendation limits does not necessarily appear to be safe for pregnant women and their newborns.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.