Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38764482›Full record

ArticleJAAD international2024

International time trends and differences in topical actinic keratosis therapy utilization.

Heather J Zhao, Inna Ushcatz, Mina Tadrous, Valeria Aoki, Aileen Y Chang, Nick J Levell, Lena Von Schuckmann, Aaron M Drucker

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In one paragraph

Article in JAAD international, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Heather J ZhaoDepartment of Medicine, Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Inna UshcatzDepartment of Medicine, Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Mina TadrousDepartment of Medicine, Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Valeria AokiDepartment of Dermatology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, São Paulo Estado, Brazil.
Aileen Y ChangDepartment of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
Nick J LevellDepartment of Dermatology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK.
Lena Von SchuckmannUniversity of Queensland, Frazer Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Aaron M DruckerDepartment of Medicine, Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Actinic Keratoses (AK) are precancerous lesions that can lead to Squamous Cell Carcinoma. International differences in the utilization of topical medications to treat AK are not well described. Objectives: To describe international differences in topical AK medication utilization, including associations of countries' economic status with AK medication utilization. Methods: We used IQVIA MIDAS pharmaceutical sales data for 65 countries (42 high-income, 24 middle-income) from April 2011 to December 2021. We calculated each country's quarterly utilization of medications in grams per 1000 population. We used univariable linear regression to assess the association between country economic status and AK medication utilization. Results: High-income countries used 15.37 more grams per 1000 population of 5-fluorouracil (95% CI: 9.68, 21.05), 4.64 more grams per 1000 population of imiquimod (95% CI: 3.45, 5.83), and 0.32 more grams per 1000 population of ingenol mebutate (95% CI: 0.05, 0.60). Limitations: Missing medication utilization data for some countries. Conclusion: High-income countries use more topical AK therapies than middle-income countries.

Indexed as

actinic keratosisglobal dermatologyinternational medication utilizationmedication utilizationSCCsquamous cell carcinoma

Identifiers

PMID38764482
PMCPMC11099316

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.