Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38763963›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2024

The role of breastfeeding and formula feeding regarding depressive symptoms and an impaired mother child bonding.

Clara Carvalho Hilje, Nicola H Bauer, Daniela Reis, Claudia Kapp, Thomas Ostermann, Franziska Vöhler, Alfred Längler

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Observational
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Maternal postnatal bonding and its risk factors: a longitudinal study.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Home visiting for postpartum depression.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Clara Carvalho HiljeDepartment of Pediatrics, Gemeinschaftskrankenhaus Herdecke, Herdecke, Germany.
Nicola H BauerInstitute of Midwifery Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Daniela ReisDepartment of Pediatrics, Gemeinschaftskrankenhaus Herdecke, Herdecke, Germany. daniela.reis@uni-wh.de.
Claudia KappDepartment of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.
Thomas OstermannDepartment of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.
Franziska VöhlerDepartment of Obstetrics, Gemeinschaftskrankenhaus Herdecke, Herdecke, Germany.
Alfred LänglerDepartment of Pediatrics, Gemeinschaftskrankenhaus Herdecke, Herdecke, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Associations between depressive symptoms and breastfeeding are well documented. However, evidence is lacking for subdivisions of feeding styles, namely exclusive breastfeeding, exclusive formula feeding and a mixed feeding style (breastfeeding and formula feeding). In addition, studies examining associations between mother-child-bonding and breastfeeding have yielded mixed results. The aim of this study is to provide a more profound understanding of the different feeding styles and their associations with maternal mental health and mother-child-bonding. Data from 307 women were collected longitudinally in person (prenatally) and by telephone (3 months postnatally) using validated self-report measures, and analyzed using correlational analyses, unpaired group comparisons and regression analyses. Our results from a multinomial regression analysis revealed that impaired mother-child-bonding was positively associated with mixed feeding style (p = .003) and depressive symptoms prenatal were positively associated with exclusive formula feeding (p = .013). Further studies could investigate whether information about the underlying reasons we found for mixed feeding, such as insufficient weight gain of the child or the feeling that the child is unsatiated, could help prevent impaired mother-child-bonding. Overall, the results of this study have promising new implications for research and practice, regarding at-risk populations and implications for preventive measures regarding postpartum depression and an impaired mother-child-bonding.

Indexed as

Breast FeedingDepressionDepression, PostpartumMother-Child RelationsAdultBottle FeedingFemaleHumansInfantInfant FormulaInfant, NewbornLongitudinal StudiesMothersObject AttachmentPregnancy

Identifiers

PMID38763963
PMCPMC11102907

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.