ReviewMolecular cancer2024
Regulatory mechanisms of PD-1/PD-L1 in cancers.
Review in Molecular cancer, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07515313 (Expression of CD274), which is not on this map. Cited by 552 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Expression of CD274 (PD-L1) and CD276 in B-cell Malignancies: A Study by Flowcyometry
Who cites it
552 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Inflamed Yet Immune-Evasive? A Transcriptomic Meta-Analysis Identifies Conserved Inflammatory, Developmental, and Neuronal Signatures Associated with Polyploid Giant Cancer Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Immunotherapeutic strategies for castration-resistant prostate cancer: A systematic review of mechanisms, clinical advances and emerging approaches.Molecular biology reports · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The influence of concomitant proton pump inhibitors use on treatment efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- PD-1 genetic fate mapping uncovers immune cell diversity mediating the efficacy of combined PD-1 blockade and chemotherapy.Oncoimmunology · 2026Article
- Myeloid-derived MIF is a central regulator of MDSC-driven T-cell dysfunction in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Oncoimmunology · 2026Article
- Research progress on the molecular mechanisms of PD-1 and LAG-3 synergy in regulating T cell exhaustion and immunotherapy.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Mapping research trends in esophageal cancer immunotherapy: A decade of thematic evolution and emerging priorities.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Patient‑specific profiling of TCR‑T cell efficacy enabled by a rapid and standardized reporter system.Protein & cell · 2026Article
- The cGAS-STING/MITA pathway in innate antiviral immunity and beyond.Cell insight · 2026Review
- Tripterine Liposome Exerts Antitumor and Immunomodulatory Effects in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.MedComm · 2026Article
- Advances in the role of astrocytes in glioma progression and therapy.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Review
- Review
- Personalized mRNA Neoantigen Vaccines in Cancer: Linking Precision Antigen Selection, Immune Remodeling, and Checkpoint Blockade.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Supramolecular Degraders: An Emerging Paradigm in Targeted Protein Degradation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Multifunctional Nanovaccine-Radiotherapy Synergy Drives Anti-Tumor Immunity via Multi-Cascade Cell Death for Pancreatic Cancer Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Molecular Architecture and Clinical Landscape of Immune Checkpoint Receptors and Ligands.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Low circulating miR-5193 promotes PD-L1-mediated immune evasion and relates to immune checkpoint inhibitor response in esophageal cancer.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- Immune checkpoints and immunoregulation in metabolic diseases and cancers: pathological mechanisms and therapeutic potential.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Ubiquitin-driven regulation of immune checkpoints in lung cancer: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2026Review
492 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Immune evasion contributes to cancer growth and progression. Cancer cells have the ability to activate different immune checkpoint pathways that harbor immunosuppressive functions. The programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligands (PD-Ls) are considered to be the major immune checkpoint molecules. The interaction of PD-1 and PD-L1 negatively regulates adaptive immune response mainly by inhibiting the activity of effector T cells while enhancing the function of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs), largely contributing to the maintenance of immune homeostasis that prevents dysregulated immunity and harmful immune responses. However, cancer cells exploit the PD-1/PD-L1 axis to cause immune escape in cancer development and progression. Blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 by neutralizing antibodies restores T cells activity and enhances anti-tumor immunity, achieving remarkable success in cancer therapy. Therefore, the regulatory mechanisms of PD-1/PD-L1 in cancers have attracted an increasing attention. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the roles of the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling in human autoimmune diseases and cancers. We summarize all aspects of regulatory mechanisms underlying the expression and activity of PD-1 and PD-L1 in cancers, including genetic, epigenetic, post-transcriptional and post-translational regulatory mechanisms. In addition, we further summarize the progress in clinical research on the antitumor effects of targeting PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies alone and in combination with other therapeutic approaches, providing new strategies for finding new tumor markers and developing combined therapeutic approaches.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.