ArticleThe American journal of clinical nutrition2024
24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretions, plasma metabolomic profiles, and cardiometabolic biomarkers in the United States adults: a cross-sectional study.
Article in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Multiple 24-Hour Urinary Sodium and Potassium Excretions and Type 2 Diabetes Incidence.Diabetes care · 2026Article
- The Response of Alpha-Aminoadipic Acid (2-AAA) to Short Term Lysine Ingestion in Healthy Individuals.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Article
- Appropriate use of spot-urine sodium estimates for population-level and exploratory analyses: a response to Campbell and Cappuccio.Nutrition & metabolism · 2026Article
- The metabolic signature of salt intake: a cross-sectional analysis from the SCAPIS-study.Nutrition & metabolism · 2025Article
- Metabolomic Signature of Dietary Potassium Intake: A Novel Approach to Understanding CKD Onset?Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2025Article
- The integral role of lifestyle in the prevention and management of hypertension and associated cardiometabolic and cognitive disorders: a review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
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14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHigh-sodium and low-potassium intakes are associated with a higher risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease, but there are limited data on the circulating metabolomics profiles of 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretions in free-living individuals.
objectivesWe aimed to characterize the metabolomics signatures of a high-sodium and low-potassium diet in a cross-sectional study.
methodsIn 1028 healthy older adults from the Women's and Men's Lifestyle Validation Studies, we investigated the association of habitual sodium and potassium intakes measured by 2 to 4 24-h urine samples with plasma metabolites (quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) and metabolomic pathways. Our primary exposures were energy-adjusted 24-h urinary sodium excretion, potassium excretion, and sodium-to-potassium ratio, calculated based on energy expenditure derived from the doubly labeled water method. We then assessed the partial correlations of their metabolomics scores, derived from elastic net regressions, with cardiometabolic biomarkers.
resultsHigher sodium excretion was associated with 38 metabolites including higher piperine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and C5:1 carnitine. In pathway analysis, higher sodium excretion was associated with enhanced biotin and propanoate metabolism and enhanced degradation of lysine and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). Metabolites associated with higher potassium and lower sodium-to-potassium ratio included quinic acid and proline-betaine. After adjusting for confounding factors, the metabolomics score for sodium-to-potassium ratio positively correlated with fasting insulin (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient ρ = 0.27), C-peptide (ρ = 0.30), and triglyceride (ρ = 0.46), and negatively with adiponectin (ρ = -0.40), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ρ = -0.42).
conclusionsWe discovered metabolites and metabolomics pathways associated with a high-sodium diet, including metabolites related to biotin, propanoate, lysine, and BCAA pathways. The metabolomics signature for a higher sodium low-potassium diet is associated with multiple components of elevated cardiometabolic risk.
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