SynthesisJournal of the American Heart Association2024
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Cardiotoxicity: A Comparative Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies and Randomized Controlled Trials.
Synthesis in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Cardiovascular Immune-Related Adverse Events of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Summary of Case Reports.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Pooled it
- Avoidance of cardiac toxicity during the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors: a safety systematic review combining network meta-analysis and pharmacovigilance study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- The Cardio-Onco-Immune Axis: immunopathological mechanisms in the cardiac microenvironment of checkpoint inhibitor-induced myocarditis.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Review
- Triple M overlap syndrome in the intensive care unit: differential diagnosis and management.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Review
- When Cancer Survival Improves, the Heart Becomes the Next Frontier.Korean circulation journal · 2026Article
- Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Factors Among Cancer Patients: 5-Year National Inpatient Sample Analysis.JACC. Advances · 2026Article
- Cardiac radiosensitivity in the era of thoracic chemoradiotherapy and immunotherapy: a scoping review.The Lancet. Oncology · 2026Article
- Short- and Long-Term Outcomes of Pericarditis, Myocarditis, and Myopericarditis in Patients With Malignancy on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Caught in the crossfire: cardiac complications of cancer therapy.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related cardiotoxicity: a cellular pharmacology perspective on susceptibility and resistance.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced cardiotoxicity: from immune mechanisms to clinical surveillance and targeted therapies.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Guarding the heart in the era of immunotherapies: insights for cardio-oncology practice.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Advancing precision cardio-oncology: multimodal surveillance and stratified management of immunotherapy-induced cardiovascular toxicity.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Hydrophobic complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) sequences elucidate the cardiotoxic effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors.Research square · 2025Article
- Chronotherapy as a novel strategy to limit anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity.Cardiovascular research · 2025Review
- Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stage predicts cardiovascular outcomes in cancer patients: a real-world data analysis of a nationwide epidemiological dataset.European heart journal open · 2025Article
- Navigating Cardiotoxicity in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: From Diagnosis to Long-Term Management.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025Review
- Treating Concomitant Advanced Heart Failure and Advanced Cancer With Left Ventricular Assist Device, Surgery, and Biologics.JACC. Case reports · 2025Article
- Cardiac Adverse Events in Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in the Adjuvant Setting: An FDA Pooled Analysis.Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc · 2025Article
- New onset of hypertension associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in cancer patients.Immunotherapy · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have uncommon associations with cardiotoxicity, yet these cardiotoxic effects are associated with high mortality. An accurate assessment of risk for cardiotoxicity is essential for clinical decision-making, but data from randomized controlled trials often differ from real-world observational studies. METHODS AND
resultsA systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scopus was performed, including phase II and III randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies (OSs) reporting myocarditis or pericardial disease, myocardial infarction, or stroke with an immunotherapy. Odds ratios (ORs) were used to pool results between ICIs and other cancer therapy in RCTs and OSs. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline was followed. In total, 54 RCTs (N=38 264) and 24 OSs (N=12 561 455) were included. In RCTs, ICI use resulted in higher risk of myocarditis (OR, 3.55 [95% CI, 2.10-5.98]), pericardial disease (OR, 2.73 [95% CI, 1.57-4.77]), and myocardial infarction (OR, 1.83 [95% CI, 1.03-3.25]), compared with non-ICI (placebo or chemotherapy). In OSs, ICI use was not associated with myocarditis, pericardial disease, or myocardial infarction compared with controls; however, combination ICIs demonstrated higher risk of myocarditis compared with single ICI use (OR, 3.07 [95% CI, 1.28-7.39]). Stroke risk was not increased with use of ICIs in RCTs.
conclusionsWe demonstrated increased risk of ICI myocarditis, pericardial disease, and myocardial infarction in RCTs but not OSs. Results of this study suggest there are differences between ICI cardiotoxicity risk, possibly suggesting differences in diagnoses and management, in clinical trials versus the OSs.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.