ArticleNutrition journal2024
National trends in nine key minerals intake (quantity and source) among U.S. adults, 1999 to march 2020.
Article in Nutrition journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Nutritional Deficiencies and Reduced Bone Mineralization in Ulcerative Colitis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Serum Metabolomic Markers of Dietary Potassium and Risk of CKD.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2025Article
- Zinc as a Mechanism-Based Strategy for Mitigation of Metals Toxicity.Current environmental health reports · 2025Review
- Global burden of disease from high-sodium diets, 1990-2021: analysis of GBD 2021 data.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Advances in cardiovascular supplementation: mechanisms, efficacy, and clinical perspectives.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2025Review
- Persistent Calcium Inadequacy in Korean Adults over 20 Years: Analysis of the 1998-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Inverse association between serum iron levels and Hashimoto's thyroiditis in United States females of reproductive age: analysis of the NHANES 2007-2012.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
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11 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundChanges in economy and dietary guidelines brought a great shock to diet quality and meal behaviors, but if these transformations have extended to minerals intake and their sources was still poorly understood. It is essential to evaluate time trends in minerals intake and their sources to inform policy makers.
objectiveTo investigate trends in minerals intake and their sources among U.S. adults.
methodsThis analysis used dietary data collected by 24-h recalls from U.S. adults (≥ 20 years) in NHANES (1999-March 2020). Minerals intake, age-adjusted percentage of participants meeting recommendations, and minerals sources were calculated among all participants and by population subgroups in each NHANES survey cycle. Weighted linear or logistic regression models were used to examine the statistical significance of time trends.
resultsA total of 48223 U.S. adults were included in this analysis. From 1999 to March 2020, intake of calcium (from 0.94 to 1.02 g/day), magnesium (from 308.07 to 321.85 mg/day), phosphorus (from 1.24 to 1.30 g/day), and sodium (from 3.24 to 3.26 mg/day) from food and beverages (FB) and dietary supplements (DSs) significantly increased, and intake of iron (from 19.17 to 16.38 mg/day), zinc (from 16.45 to 14.19 mg/day), copper (from 1.79 to 1.38 mg/day), and potassium (from 2.65 to 2.50 g/day) from FB + DSs decreased (all FDR < 0.05). Additionally, age-adjusted percentage of participants meeting recommendations for calcium, phosphorus, sodium, and selenium significantly increased, that for iron, potassium, zinc, and copper decreased (all FDR < 0.05). Minerals intake and time trends in minerals intake were highly variable depending on age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, and income. For example, white, higher socioeconomic status participants had a higher minerals intake (e.g. iron, zinc, and copper), but had a greater decrease in minerals intake. Furthermore, the percentage of minerals from milks and DSs decreased, and that from beverages increased.
conclusionFrom 1999 to March 2020, both minerals intake and their sources experienced a significant alteration among U.S. adults. Many differences in minerals intake and their food sources across sociodemographic characteristics appeared to narrow over time. Although some improvements were observed, important challenges, such as overconsumption of sodium and underconsumption of potassium, calcium, and magnesium, still remained among U.S. adults.
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