ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2024
Assessment of Gray Matter Microstructural Alterations in Alzheimer's Disease by Free Water Imaging.
Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Divergent Glymphatic Dysfunction and Free Water Pathology Underpin Distinct Mechanisms and Enable Differential Diagnosis in Parkinson's Disease and Multiple System Atrophy.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2026Article
- The potential of low-field MRI for global dementia care.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- Putative glymphatic dysfunction links extracellular fluid dysregulation to white matter degeneration and clinical impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Free water changes and their correlations with multimodal biomarkers in frontotemporal dementia.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Review
- Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging reveals microstructural damage in moyamoya disease: a study based on tract- and gray-based spatial statistics.BMC medical imaging · 2025Article
- Imaging biomarkers of cortical neurodegeneration underlying cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2025Article
- Article
- Mapping neurodegeneration with diffusion MRI: biomarkers, mechanisms, and clinical translation.Frontiers in neurologyReview
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Cortical neurodegenerative processes may precede the emergence of disease symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) by many years. No study has evaluated the free water of patients with AD using gray matter-based spatial statistics. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore cortical microstructural changes within the gray matter in AD by using free water imaging with gray matter-based spatial statistics. Methods: Seventy-one participants underwent multi-shell diffusion magnetic resonance imaging, 11C-Pittsburgh compound B positron emission tomography, and neuropsychological evaluations. The patients were divided into two groups: healthy controls (n = 40) and the AD spectrum group (n = 31). Differences between the groups were analyzed using voxel-based morphometry, diffusion tensor imaging, and free water imaging with gray matter-based spatial statistics. Results: Voxel-based morphometry analysis revealed gray matter volume loss in the hippocampus of patients with AD spectrum compared to that in controls. Furthermore, patients with AD spectrum exhibited significantly greater free water, mean diffusivity, and radial diffusivity in the limbic areas, precuneus, frontal lobe, temporal lobe, right putamen, and cerebellum than did the healthy controls. Overall, the effect sizes of free water were greater than those of mean diffusivity and radial diffusivity, and the larger effect sizes of free water were thought to be strongly correlated with AD pathology. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the utility of applying voxel-based morphometry, gray matter-based spatial statistics, free water imaging and diffusion tensor imaging to assess AD pathology and detect changes in gray matter.
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