ArticleBMC psychology2024
Procrastination, depression and anxiety symptoms in university students: a three-wave longitudinal study on the mediating role of perceived stress.
Article in BMC psychology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06814197 (Reducing Procrastination With One-to-One, Lay-Delivered Teletherapy), which is not on this map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Reducing Procrastination With One-to-One, Lay-Delivered Teletherapy: Protocol for A Mixed-Methods, Waitlist-Controlled Trial
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- GenAI Use and GenAI-Assisted Learning Procrastination in University Students: The Roles of Planned Behavior Constructs and Learning GenAI Anxiety.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Longitudinal association between perceived stress and depressive symptoms among student-athletes: the mediating roles of positive reframing and behavioral disengagement and moderating role of stress mindset.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Directional Asymmetry Without Timescale Dependence: Longitudinal Associations Between Procrastination and Depressive Symptoms.Depression and anxiety · 2026Article
- The Effectiveness of Self-Regulation Strategy Training on Academic Flourishing and Optimism in Students with Academic Procrastination Tendencies.International journal of school health · 2025Article
- A network analysis of academic procrastination, psychological and environmental factors among medical students.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Multidimensional factors of depressive symptoms among Chinese undergraduate students: a cross-sectional study using binary logistic regression.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Optimizing academic achievement: The synergetic effects of emotional intelligence and psychological capital.Journal of education and health promotion · 2025Article
- Symptom scale for anxiety and depression disorders (ESTAD): psychometric properties and sociodemographic profile in Peruvian university students.BMC psychology · 2024Article
- Implemental delay as a mediator of the relationship between depression, anxiety, stress and school burnout.PloS one · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIt is generally assumed that procrastination leads to negative consequences. However, evidence for negative consequences of procrastination is still limited and it is also unclear by which mechanisms they are mediated. Therefore, the aim of our study was to examine the harmful consequences of procrastination on students' stress and mental health. We selected the procrastination-health model as our theoretical foundation and tried to evaluate the model's assumption that trait procrastination leads to (chronic) disease via (chronic) stress in a temporal perspective. We chose depression and anxiety symptoms as indicators for (chronic) disease and hypothesized that procrastination leads to perceived stress over time, that perceived stress leads to depression and anxiety symptoms over time, and that procrastination leads to depression and anxiety symptoms over time, mediated by perceived stress.
methodsTo examine these relationships properly, we collected longitudinal data from 392 university students at three occasions over a one-year period and analyzed the data using autoregressive time-lagged panel models.
resultsProcrastination did lead to depression and anxiety symptoms over time. However, perceived stress was not a mediator of this effect. Procrastination did not lead to perceived stress over time, nor did perceived stress lead to depression and anxiety symptoms over time.
conclusionsWe could not confirm that trait procrastination leads to (chronic) disease via (chronic) stress, as assumed in the procrastination-health model. Nonetheless, our study demonstrated that procrastination can have a detrimental effect on mental health. Further health outcomes and possible mediators should be explored in future studies.
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