Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38755639›Full record

ArticleBMC veterinary research2024

Potent drug delivery enhancement of betulinic acid and NVX-207 into equine skin in vitro - a comparison between a novel oxygen flow-assisted transdermal application device and microemulsion gels.

Paula Zscherpe, Jutta Kalbitz, Lisa A Weber, Reinhard Paschke, Karsten Mäder, Brigitte von Rechenberg, Jessika-M V Cavalleri, Jessica Meißner, Karina Klein

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC veterinary research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Observational
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Paula ZscherpeMusculoskeletal Research Unit, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland.
Jutta KalbitzBiosolutions Halle GmbH, Weinbergweg 22, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany.
Lisa A WeberClinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 9, Hannover, 30559, Germany.
Reinhard PaschkeBioCenter, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 22, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany.
Karsten MäderInstitute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biosciences, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse 4, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany.
Brigitte von RechenbergMusculoskeletal Research Unit, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland.
Jessika-M V CavalleriEquine Internal Medicine, Clinical Centre for Equine Health and Research, Clinical Department for Small Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna (Vetmeduni), Veterinärplatz 1, Vienna, 1210, Austria. jessika.cavalleri@vetmeduni.ac.at.
Jessica Meißner *Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 17, Hannover, 30559, Germany.
Karina Klein *Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGray horses are predisposed to equine malignant melanoma (EMM) with advancing age. Depending on the tumor's location and size, they can cause severe problems (e.g., defaecation, urination, feeding). A feasible therapy for EMM has not yet been established and surgical excision can be difficult depending on the location of the melanoma. Thus, an effective and safe therapy is needed. Naturally occurring betulinic acid (BA), a pentacyclic triterpene and its synthetic derivate, NVX-207 (3-acetyl-betulinic acid-2-amino-3-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-propanoate) are known for their cytotoxic properties against melanomas and other tumors and have already shown good safety and tolerability in vivo. In this study, BA and NVX-207 were tested for their permeation potential into equine skin in vitro in Franz-type diffusion cell (FDC) experiments after incubation of 5 min, 30 min and 24 h, aiming to use these formulations for prospective in vivo studies as a treatment for early melanoma stages. Potent permeation was defined as reaching or exceeding the half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC

resultsAll tested formulations exceeded the IC

conclusionsAll tested substances showed promising results. Additionally, OFA administration showed a significant accumulation of NVX-207 after 30 min and 24 h of incubation. Further in vivo trials with OFA application are recommended.

Indexed as

Administration, CutaneousBetulinic AcidDrug Delivery SystemsEmulsionsPentacyclic TriterpenesSkinTriterpenesAnimalsGelsHorse DiseasesHorsesMelanomaOxygenPropanolaminesSkin Absorption2-amino-3-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethylpropyl 3-acetylbetulinoateBetulinic AcidEmulsionsGelsOxygenPentacyclic TriterpenesPropanolaminesTriterpenesBetulinic acidEquine melanomaFranz-type diffusion cellNVX-207Oxygen flow-assisted transdermal application

Identifiers

PMID38755639
PMCPMC11097577

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.