ArticleJournal of epidemiology and community health2024
Sex differences in risk of incident microvascular and macrovascular complications: a population-based data-linkage study among 25 713 people with diabetes.
Article in Journal of epidemiology and community health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Metabolic Risk Predictors Associated With the Onset of Vascular Complications Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in Zambia: A Retrospective Statistical Modeling Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Temporal Trends in Colorectal Cancer Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in U.S. Adults, 1999-2023: A CDC Wonder Database Analysis-A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Early identification of suboptimal responders to metformin in type 2 diabetes using long-term real-world HbA1c trajectories.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Age- and sex-specific trends in dementia mortality among people with and without diabetes: a multi-country population-based analysis.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Review
- Cost-Consequences of Adding Gliclazide Modified Release to Metformin in Patients with Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes in the United Arab Emirates.Advances in therapy · 2025Article
- Sex differences in the incidence of complications among people with diabetes in a South Indian population: 12 years follow up of CURES study (CURES-159).The Indian journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Sex differences in the prognostic value of urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio for coronary artery disease and cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes and normoalbuminuria.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
- Sex-related differences in treatment outcomes of chronic hepatitis C with direct-acting antivirals.World journal of hepatology · 2025Article
- Risk factors for nephropathy in individuals with new-onset type 2 diabetes undergoing treatment for hypertension: A retrospective analysis using the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database.Annals of clinical epidemiology · 2025Article
- Sex-related differences in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection treated with direct-acting antiviral drugs.World journal of hepatology · 2025Article
- Objective perimetry and diabetic retinopathy progression: a 10-year follow-up study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Mortality and Years of Life Lost from Diabetes Mellitus in Poland: A Register-Based Study (2000-2022).Nutrients · 2024Article
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11 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe global prevalence of diabetes is similar in men and women; however, there is conflicting evidence regarding sex differences in diabetes-related complications. The aim of this study was to investigate sex differences in incident microvascular and macrovascular complications among adults with diabetes.
methodsThis prospective cohort study linked data from the 45 and Up Study, Australia, to administrative health records. The study sample included 25 713 individuals (57% men), aged ≥45 years, with diabetes at baseline. Incident cardiovascular disease (CVD), eye, lower limb, and kidney complications were determined using hospitalisation data and claims for medical services. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between sex and incident complications.
resultsAge-adjusted incidence rates per 1000 person years for CVD, eye, lower limb, and kidney complications were 37, 52, 21, and 32, respectively. Men had a greater risk of CVD (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.51, 95% CI 1.43 to 1.59), lower limb (aHR 1.47, 95% CI 1.38 to 1.57), and kidney complications (aHR 1.55, 95% CI 1.47 to 1.64) than women, and a greater risk of diabetic retinopathy (aHR 1.14, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.26). Over 10 years, 44%, 57%, 25%, and 35% of men experienced a CVD, eye, lower limb, or kidney complication, respectively, compared with 31%, 61%, 18%, and 25% of women. Diabetes duration (<10 years vs ≥10 years) had no substantial effect on sex differences in complications.
conclusionsMen with diabetes are at greater risk of complications, irrespective of diabetes duration. High rates of complications in both sexes highlight the importance of targeted complication screening and prevention strategies from diagnosis.
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