ArticleEnvironment international2024
Associations of street-view greenspace with Parkinson's disease hospitalizations in an open cohort of elderly US Medicare beneficiaries.
Article in Environment international, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- PMEnvironmental health perspectives · 2026Article
- Residential Greenspace and Domestic Gardens, Genetic Predisposition, and Incident Glaucoma: A Prospective Cohort Study.GeoHealth · 2026Article
- Green space exposure and risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a population-based case-control study in Northern Italy.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2026Article
- Advancing Air Pollution Exposure Models with Open-Vocabulary Object Detection and Semantic Segmentation of Street-View Images.Environmental science & technology · 2025Article
- Harnessing Geospatial Artificial Intelligence (GeoAI) for Environmental Epidemiology: A Narrative Review.Current environmental health reports · 2025Review
- AI-Enhanced Analysis of Built Environment Imagery and Neighborhood Obesity in US Cities.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Does greenspace influence the associations between ambient temperature and violent crime? An observational study.Environmental research letters : ERL [Web site] · 2025Article
- GPS-based street-view greenspace exposure and wearable assessed physical activity in a prospective cohort of US women.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2025Article
- Association Between Residential Greenness and Risk of Stroke by Ecoregions: The REGARDS Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Assessing greenspace and cardiovascular health through deep-learning analysis of street-view imagery in a cohort of US children.Environmental research · 2025Article
- Satellite-Based and Street-View Green Space and Adiposity in US Children.JAMA network open · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionProtective associations of greenspace with Parkinson's disease (PD) have been observed in some studies. Visual exposure to greenspace seems to be important for some of the proposed pathways underlying these associations. However, most studies use overhead-view measures (e.g., satellite imagery, land-classification data) that do not capture street-view greenspace and cannot distinguish between specific greenspace types. We aimed to evaluate associations of street-view greenspace measures with hospitalizations with a PD diagnosis code (PD-involved hospitalization).
methodsWe created an open cohort of about 45.6 million Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries aged 65 + years living in core based statistical areas (i.e. non-rural areas) in the contiguous US (2007-2016). We obtained 350 million Google Street View images across the US and applied deep learning algorithms to identify percentages of specific greenspace features in each image, including trees, grass, and other green features (i.e., plants, flowers, fields). We assessed yearly average street-view greenspace features for each ZIP code. A Cox-equivalent re-parameterized Poisson model adjusted for potential confounders (i.e. age, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status) was used to evaluate associations with first PD-involved hospitalization.
resultsThere were 506,899 first PD-involved hospitalizations over 254,917,192 person-years of follow-up. We found a hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of 0.96 (0.95, 0.96) per interquartile range (IQR) increase for trees and a HR of 0.97 (0.96, 0.97) per IQR increase for other green features. In contrast, we found a HR of 1.06 (1.04, 1.07) per IQR increase for grass. Associations of trees were generally stronger for low-income (i.e. Medicaid eligible) individuals, Black individuals, and in areas with a lower median household income and a higher population density.
conclusionIncreasing exposure to trees and other green features may reduce PD-involved hospitalizations, while increasing exposure to grass may increase hospitalizations. The protective associations may be stronger for marginalized individuals and individuals living in densely populated areas.
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