Trial reportEuropean journal of nutrition2024
Low β-carotene bioaccessibility and bioavailability from high fat, dairy-based meal.
Trial report in European journal of nutrition, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05840848 (Effect of Simultaneously Consuming Iron and Zinc Supplements With That of B-carotene, on the B-carotene Bioavailability in Healthy Males), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Simultaneously Consuming Iron and Zinc Supplements With That of B-carotene, on the B-carotene Bioavailability in Healthy Males
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Vitamin A Derivatives and Adipose Tissue Differentiation: Molecular Pathways Driving Browning and Anti-Obesity Effects.Current obesity reports · 2026Review
- Food Additives Inhibit Intestinal Drug Transporters but Have Limited Effect on In Vitro Drug Permeability.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Nanoencapsulation enhanced the performance of β-carotene for ameliorating inflammation in patient-derived organoids.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe original aim of the study was to determine, in a double-blind 3-arm crossover human trial (n = 7), the effect of supplemental levels of iron (25 mg) and zinc (30 mg) on β-carotene (synthetic) bioavailability (10 h postprandial). However, despite the high dose of supplemental β-carotene (15 mg) consumed with the high fat (18 g), dairy-based breakfast test meal, there was a negligible postprandial response in plasma and triglyceride rich fraction β-carotene concentrations. We then systematically investigated the possible reasons for this low bioavailability of β-carotene.
methodsWe determined (1) if the supplemental β-carotene could be micellised and absorbed by epithelial cells, using a Caco-2 cell model, (2) if the fat from the test meal was sufficiently bioavailable to facilitate β-carotene bioavailability, (3) the extent to which the β-carotene could have been metabolised and converted to retinoic acid/retinol and (4) the effect of the test meal matrix on the β-carotene bioaccessibility (in vitro digestion) and Caco-2 cellular uptake.
resultsWe found that (1) The supplemental β-carotene could be micellised and absorbed by epithelial cells, (2) the postprandial plasma triacylglycerol response was substantial (approximately 75-100 mg dL
conclusionThe low β-carotene bioavailability is probably due to a combination of the metabolism of β-carotene to retinol by BCMO1 and interactions of β-carotene with the food matrix, decreasing the bioaccessibility. TRAIL REGISTRATION: The human trail was retrospectively registered (ClinicalTrail.gov ID: NCT05840848).
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