Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38751229›Full record

ArticleMultiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)2024

Trends in central nervous system-active polypharmacy among people with multiple sclerosis.

Hayden Naizer, Joseph Wozny, Trudy Millard Krause, Ethan Huson, Leorah Freeman

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Hayden NaizerDepartment of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8635-5109
Joseph WoznyDepartment of Management, Policy, and Community Health, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
Trudy Millard KrauseDepartment of Management, Policy, and Community Health, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
Ethan HusonDepartment of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
Leorah FreemanDepartment of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPeople with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) are at risk of concurrently using multiple central nervous system (CNS)-active drugs, yet the prevalence of CNS-active polypharmacy remains unmeasured in pwMS.

objectiveThe objective is to measure the prevalence of CNS-active polypharmacy in pwMS.

methodsThis serial, cross-sectional study measured CNS-active polypharmacy in people with MS in the United States from 2008 to 2021 using insurance claims data. CNS-active polypharmacy was defined as the concurrent prescription of ⩾3 CNS-active drugs for >30 continuous days. CNS-active drugs included antidepressants, antiepileptics, antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, nonbenzodiazepine benzodiazepine receptor agonist hypnotics, opioids, and skeletal muscle relaxants.

resultsThe number of subjects included at each time point ranged from 23,917 subjects in 2008 to 55,797 subjects in 2021. In 2021, subjects with CNS-active polypharmacy were more likely to be 46-65 years of age and have CNS-related comorbidities compared to those without CNS-active polypharmacy. From 2008 to 2021, the age-adjusted prevalence of CNS-active polypharmacy among female subjects increased from 19.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 19.1-20.4) to 26.4% (95% CI = 25.9-26.8) versus 15.9% (95% CI = 14.8-17.0) to 18.6% (95% CI = 17.9-19.2) in male subjects.

conclusionThe prevalence of CNS-active polypharmacy has increased among people with MS with a growing disparity by sex.

Indexed as

Central Nervous System AgentsMultiple SclerosisPolypharmacyAdultAgedComorbidityCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceUnited StatesYoung AdultCentral Nervous System Agentscentral nervous system-active polypharmacyclaims analysisCNS-active polypharmacypharmacoepidemiologyPolypharmacypsychotropic polypharmacy

Identifiers

PMID38751229
PMCPMC11363472

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.