Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38751228›Full record

Trial reportPublic health nutrition2024

Effects of front-of-package nutrition labelling systems on objective understanding and purchase intention in Panama: results from a multi-arm parallel-group randomised controlled trial.

Fabio S Gomes, Israel Ríos-Castillo, Leon Ramon Leal Correa, Bethy Cruzado, Carlos Felipe Urquizar Rojas, Gastón Ares Devincenzi, Elka González-Madden, Jorge Victoria

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Public health nutrition, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. The role of regulatory policies on unhealthy commodities to prevent and control noncommunicable diseases in the Americas.Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Fabio S GomesPan-American Health Organization (PAHO), Washington DC, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4997-4642
Israel Ríos-CastilloFood and Agriculture Organization for the United Nations, Subregional Office for Mesoamerica, Panama City, Panama.ORCID 0000-0001-9443-3189
Leon Ramon Leal CorreaFundación Movimiento de Alimentación Saludable, Panama City, Panama.
Bethy CruzadoFundación Movimiento de Alimentación Saludable, Panama City, Panama.
Carlos Felipe Urquizar RojasDepartment of Design, University of Joinville Region, Joinville, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0003-1171-0190
Gastón Ares DevincenziInstituto Polo Tecnológico de Pando, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Pando, Uruguay.ORCID 0000-0002-0565-8835
Elka González-MaddenPan-American Health Organization (PAHO), Panama City, Panama.ORCID 0009-0006-8713-8433
Jorge VictoriaPan-American Health Organization (PAHO), Panama City, Panama.ORCID 0000-0003-2948-4611

Funding

World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo assess the effect of different front-of-package labelling (FOPL) schemes on the objective understanding of the nutritional content and intention to purchase products, in Panama.

designSingle-blinded multi-arm parallel-group randomised controlled trial.

settingSupermarkets across Panama. Participants were exposed to two-dimensional images of fifteen mock-up products presented at random and balanced orders. Participants assigned to the intervention groups were exposed to mock-ups featuring one FOPL scheme: black octagonal warning labels (OWL), traffic-light labelling (TFL) or guideline daily amounts (GDA). The control group was not exposed to any FOPL scheme.

participantsAdult supermarket shoppers (

resultsA similar number of participants were randomised and analysed in each group: OWL (

conclusionsOWL performed best in helping shoppers to correctly identify when a product contained excessive amounts of nutrients of concern, to correctly identify the least harmful option and to decide to purchase the least harmful or none of the options, more often.

Indexed as

Consumer BehaviorFood LabelingFood MarketsIntentionNutritive ValueAdultChoice BehaviorFemaleFood PreferencesHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansMaleMiddle AgedPanamaSingle-Blind MethodYoung AdultFood labellingFood policiesNutrition labellingNutrition policiesPublic health

Identifiers

PMID38751228
PMCPMC11502521

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.